The next generation of Geared Turbofan, like the UHBR concept, requires larger heat exchangers to dissipate the heat generated in operation. The main aims of this project are: - to develop a predictive numerical methodology to assess the performance of any new air heat exchanger concept. The methodology will be validated against an experimental database to be acquired in this project. - to evaluate numerically but also experimentally new concepts like SACOC without fins to improve the current SACOC technology, resulting from the better understanding of physical phenomena.

The quest for carbon-neutral aviation propels us toward uncharted technological frontiers. In TRANSDIFFUSE, we present an ambitious program to develop an AI-driven model that may revolutionize propulsion technologies. As a synergistic consortium, we unite the numerical modelling prowess of Valero’s team, the high-fidelity computational capabilities of Lehmkuhl’s group, and Paniagua's experimental ingenuity. TRANSDIFFUSE aims to develop new tools related to clean propulsion, specifically an AI-driven model called FluidGPT. In doing so, we expect to enable major advancements to the aeronautical and power generation sectors, including, for example, hydrogen pressure gain combustion (PGC) engines, which are compact, lightweight, high-efficiency turbines. In initiating FluidGPT, we aim to overcome challenges like those facing PGC, by exploiting the thing that has made compact turbomachinery so difficult to design: the troublesome transonic flows propelled from the combustor. With our model we aim to control and manipulate those transonic flows. Our approach to FluidGPT is anchored in characterizing, predicting, and then manipulating the intricate, unsteady, inherently difficult transonic flows—thus unlocking the design and development of transonic diffusing passages, a notorious obstacle to designing turbomachinery passages in new, compact, efficient engines. FluidGPT will model the Navier-Stokes equations for such conditions, enabling the prediction and control of previously unmanageable flow behaviours. A complete model of the Navier-Stokes equations in transonic diffusing passages has never been achieved by the scientific community, and our model will be able to reproduce flow configurations never seen before. Embracing innovation and synergy, TRANSDIFFUSE will also unlock new design guidelines and flow control techniques to surmount limitations across the aeronautical and power generation sectors. This program may redefine fluid dynamics modelling and control.

Despite the wide recognition of the complex interactions between trade (policy) and climate (policy), the state-of-the-art capabilities in macroeconomic models face substantial limitations, such as lack of granular data, dependence on conventional trade theories, limited empirical evidence on trade-climate interactions, limited representation of the value and material chain in key (existing and emerging) sectors, heavy reliance on frameworks not accounting for endogenous technical change, limited understanding of the role of developing countries in trade, etc. ENTICE aims to develop novel data and modelling capacity to enhance our knowledge and inform policymakers on the positive and negative impacts of trade and trade policy on climate and the environment, by combining well-established macroeconomic modelling with new trade theories, empirical analysis, and enhanced data granularity. The project will focus on emissions and climate change issues but also integrate the broader effects on the environment, biodiversity, pollution, and natural resources depletion. The ENTICE work programme includes a novel theoretical conceptualisation of trade, climate, environment, and industry interactions, significant improvements to sectoral detail and relevant granularity in the GTAP database, integrating the new data into and enhancing a toolbox of well-renowned CGE, macroeconometric, integrated assessment, and sectoral models and other methodologies, and analysis of the interactions between trade (policy), climate (policy), the environment, and broader economic and sustainability objectives in the EU and beyond. Finally, ENTICE places considerable emphasis on transparency, legitimacy, and open science and data, as well as on development and research that directly respond to stakeholder needs and trade and climate policy discourse.