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JAEA

Japan Atomic Energy Agency
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7 Projects, page 1 of 2
  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 604771
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  • Funder: UK Research and Innovation Project Code: NE/L012537/1
    Funder Contribution: 139,846 GBP

    The development of nuclear weapons and energy programmes since the 1940s have created a legacy of nuclear waste and contamination worldwide. In 2012, Sellafield Limited (named as the most hazardous nuclear site in the UK) hit the national press/media when a report by the National Audit Office highlighted the considerable challenges and spiralling costs faced by the UKs Nuclear Decommissioning Authority in taking forward the cleanup of this site. In 2012, the Fukushima Daiichi power plant and surrounding contaminated area (650 km2) also recently hit international news headlines when Tokyo Electric Power Company confirmed the accidental release of 300 tonnes of highly radioactive and concentrated waste water into the Pacific Ocean. An ice wall costing £300m has been pledged to prevent groundwater flow through the most contaminated reactor site but there are still plumes of contaminated groundwater that need to be treated and the decontamination of soil (estimated at 60 Mt) will produce even more complex liquid waste. British Nuclear Fuels invested in 30 years supply of naturally occurring zeolites (clinoptilolite) to remove aqueous Cs+ and Sr2+ from fuel cooling ponds. However, legacy and accidental waste is more complex (e.g. saline wastewater, complex and high organic soil decontamination solutions from Fukushima; and lower radionuclides concentrations and high background competing ions in Sellafield groundwater). Zeolites are inefficient under these conditions (e.g. lower sorption capacity and/or low mechanical strength), therefore, new innovative technologies are required for the safe remediation (cleanup) and entrapment (lockup) of radionuclides from these complex contaminated waters. Under complex chemical conditions, microbially-generated, rapidly produced biominerals have high metal adsorption capacity/functionality compared to natural zeolites and commercially available/laboratory grade materials, arising from their unique morphology and nanoscale properties. For example, biogenic hydroxyapatite materials (HA mass more than ten times the mass of the bacteria that produced it) have durable radionuclide adsorption capacity (up to 30 %wt for radionuclides tested: Actinides (U, Am), Sr and Co under simulated groundwater conditions, against high concentrations of competing ions (0.1-2000 mmol/L Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+) and at wide ranging pH conditions (3-9.5); the specific nanostructured morphology of Bio-HA was shown to underlie these advantages. Bio-HA also has proven superior stability against metal remobilisation, economics, & function as compared to commercially available materials and, being biogenic will never run out or require procurement or import from other countries (enabling stable-supply and rapid-response). Additionally we have produced a new Bio-CeP material that shows great promise for Cs remediation. However, both biominerals have not been tested or applied as a permeable reactive barrier or ion exchange technology using environmental conditions found at contaminated sites. The grant will be held at the University of Birmingham, which has an established track record in nuclear research dating back to 1950s, (specifically, nowadays, in remediation, decommissioning, health monitoring and residual life prediction for existing nuclear power stations) and recently led a Policy Commission into the future of nuclear energy in the UK. The grant will also be supported by the National Nuclear Laboratory and the Japanese Atomic Energy Authority enabling the achievement of technology readiness level four, rapid worldwide dissemination of research outcomes and increased societal impact.

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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 101121342
    Overall Budget: 5,763,940 EURFunder Contribution: 4,936,450 EUR

    The CHIMERA project will provide a ground-breaking solution to the selected shortcomings and gaps in the CBRN security market. The project aims to do so by developing a multiplatform Command & Control CBRNe system for responders, dispatch and crisis centres providing an area of interest overview, asset management, and real-time data visualization, as well as by developing a multipurpose heterogeneous sensor node for CBRNe detection allowing for the integration of commercially available detection instruments. Furthermore, the project aims to implement a real-time dispersion modelling software for C&R agents to provide dispersion models and source estimations considering the 3D urban environment, and to integrate data fusion algorithms combining data from different sensors from chemical, radiological or biological layers to enable agent identification and false alarm reduction. Ultimately, the CHIMERA project will create a commercial-ready database combining C, B and RN substance/agent characteristics. With these solutions, the project’s outcomes will considerably enhance both the operational capabilities of the first response and crisis management teams and the safety of the on-site personnel. All project-developed components will function as individual units as well as part of the whole system. In addition, the CHIMERA system will feature an open design to enhance its interoperability and facilitate other existing systems integration. To illustrate the system’s potential for real-world application, it will be demonstrated before a live audience of stakeholders, industry representatives, and potential end-users in a realistic scenario.

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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 249681
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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 232527
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