POSEIDON main objective is to demonstrate the applicability of 3 innovative fast-response ESS in waterborne transport (Supercapacitors, Flywheels and SMES) addressing their on-board integration, cost-competitiveness, efficiency, and safety, in relevant environments. To achieve it, the following specific objectives have been defined: SO 1. To build and marinize 3 innovative ESS (SMES, Supercapacitors, and Flywheel) SO 2. To demonstrate their operation in a maritime environment of a containerized system including the 3 developed ESS systems. SO 3. To establish a refined metrics Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS) tool for cost assessment and comparison of ESS for different waterborne segments. SO 4. To elaborate a complete lifecycle analysis of the 3 developed ESS. SO 5. To analyse potential integration with other disruptive technologies, such as hydrogen, rigid sails, and reversible hydrokinetic generators. SO 6. To determine safety issues, potential long-term risks and to propose regulatory solutions for the 3 ESS. To achieve SO1 and 2, POSEIDON will contribute with 3 Innovative Outputs (IO) that will demonstrate the potential applicability of Fast Response Energy Storage Systems (FRESS) in the maritime industry. IO1. Marinized SMES based on CERN high-field superconducting magnets IO2. Slow Flywheel for waterborne transport IO3. Supercapacitor based ESS for marine applications SO3, 4, 5 and 6 are focused on the main barriers that must be overcome to achieve the penetration of alternative ESS in the maritime industry. To this purpose, POSEIDON will develop 3 innovative tools: Tool1. a refined metrics Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS) tool for ESS cost assessment and comparison. Applicability report of FRESS to different waterborne segments. Tool2. LCC and LCA analysis of FRESS technologies applied to the waterborne segment. Tool3. Disruptive technologies assessment: complementarity with hydrogen and solid sails

MArine REciprocating Superconducting Generator (RSG). MARES aims at developing a next generation of ultrahigh force Superconducting Direct Drive PTOs for wave energy conversion. The maximum power that can be extracted from a planar wave is proportional to the wave period and to the square of the wave amplitude but, to extract this power, the hydrodynamic parameters of the Wave Energy Converter must be modified and this means having the availability of producing high reactive forces. The proposed Reciprocating Superconducting Generator (RSG) is simpler than other existing superconducting generators due to the fact that its alternating movement allows the direct integration into wave energy converters where the primary energy source is also moving in a reciprocating way. This RSG consists of a Circular Switched Reluctance Machine housed inside a flexible moving cryostat with bellows, avoiding the need of any feedthrough for any moving part. The machine is cooled down using a Cryogenic Supply System (CSS) which recirculates helium gas through the coils and the radiation screen and current leads at two different temperatures. The project proposes to build a full system prototype to be tested at the laboratory scale and to analyse its implementation into two existing WEC systems developed by two technologists participating in the project. A set of the prototype generator coils will be made from MgB2 superconducting technology, while the other one will use REBCO tapes. The achieved results for different temperatures will be compared. In both cases the proposed technology will profit from the latest advances in superconductivity and very specifically in recent developments in superconducting magnet technology provided by six of the participants, including the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), a world leader in such activities, in a perfect example of bringing the forefront technologies to social applications.

The present proposal tries to answer in the best way the call JTI-CS2-2020-CfP11-THT-12. After the analysis of the call, our understanding of the objectives requested by the call is the following: The main objective of the project is to investigate solutions for the scientific and technical challenges regarding the use of high voltage high power electric drives at high altitude conditions. Both short and long term timeframes are contemplated, so research into the implications of high voltage and altitude in the reliability and safety of actual systems and its technical solution, but also investigation into new HTS based electric drives for these conditions are proposed. For this purpose, this main objective splits into the following technical objectives: • Investigation on modelling of high voltage electrical systems at high altitude for fundamental understanding of the technical issues related to inverter-fed HV insulation and arcing effects in electrical machines. • Research into insulation approaches and assessment of their reliability and safety at high altitude conditions. • Electromagnetic, electrical, thermal and mechanical design of actual topologies of electrical machines in order to evaluate the limits of each technology for high power and high voltage operation in aircraft applications. • Comparison of available and foreseen HTS materials for their use in electric machines for high volumetric and mass power density. • Investigation on thermal management systems for cryo-cooled HTS windings for electric machines in aircraft environment. • Preliminary design and comparison of different HTS based electric machine topologies for aircraft applications at high voltage and high altitude in terms of power density, reliability and safety. • Full design of a HTS electric motor concept and development of a lab-scale validator, applying the most suitable techniques investigated during the project for HV and high altitude operation, including the thermal management.