The TRIQUETRA project aims at creating an evidence-based assessment platform that allows precise risk stratification, and also creates a database of available mitigation measures and strategies, acting as a Decision Support Tool towards efficient risk mitigation and site remediation. The overall approach of Triquetra is based on three distinct steps: 1. Risk Identification 2. Risk Quantification 3. Risk Mitigation This “trifecta” approach (hence the name Triquetra) creates a framework of risk assessment and risk mitigation so as to tackle as many of these risks as possible, in the most efficient way available. This is further analysed in the following sections.

The Atmospheric and radiation research and innovation in eastern Mediterranean project ATARRI aims to enhance Earth Observation R&I and modelling capacities of the Eratosthenes Centre of Excellence (ECoE) with the goal to create a future center for frontier climate and weather research and services in the Eastern Mediterranean. ATARI aims to strengthen the expertise and improve the research profile of ECoE, through the collaboration with two research institutes and its affiliated universities, one associated research institution and one SME in the field of atmospheric and solar radiation modelling and remote sensing. The collaborating institutions consist of highly experienced developers of global use models, linked with bodies such as the world meteorological organization (WMO), a WMO defined world solar and aerosol calibration center and solar radiation/energy research and application leaders in EU level. The need of the ATARRI project is based on the improvement of atmospheric remote sensing measurements (based on state of the art infrastructure, acquired from ECoE through EU funding projects) and the potential synergy with the currently non-existing atmospheric modelling component (to be brought by the partners) towards: a better understanding of the atmospheric processes in the E. Mediterranean and the development of applications for climate, energy and environmental services. ATARRI goals will be achieved through a series of transfer of knowledge actions (workshops, seminars, technical information and software/model exchange, expert visits) by experienced partners towards ECoE, including mostly science related but also scientific management aspects. In addition, a research experimental project is foreseen in the last year of the ATARRI, dealing with dust intrusions, aerosol characterization, interactions with solar radiation and various related scientific and socioeconomic effects for the Cyprus area. It will be a demonstration of the transferred knowledge and also a feedback mechanism to identify and resolve related gaps.

GEORGIA (Green dEal cOmpliant iRriGation Increasing Europe’s Agriculture resilience to drought) consortium, consisting of 16 partners from 9 European countries and led by Synelixis SA (the provider of SynField smart agriculture platform), has joined forces to increasing the resilience of agriculture to drought enhancing efficiency in water management. The project assesses drivers and barriers of key innovative irrigation systems, including environmentally responsible recycling of sewage sludge and biowaste streams, biological water-absorbing geocomposites, as well as water abundance and scarcity solutions. In parallel, GEORGIA pursues their optimal application through local condition modeling and employment of Artificial Intelligence. To this end, the partners develop in-situ, drone-based and geospatial monitoring, an eXplainable-AI decision support system as well as Crop Digital Twins. GEORGIA enhances and validates these technologies starting from the farm level and upscaling at large-scale and catchment levels. The socio-techno-economic approach is validated in 7 pilots in 6 countries, connected through a Federated Deep Machine Learning architecture. GEORGIA covers multiple crops, production types (conventional, intensive, agroecology and organic) and geographical regions, namely a) Mediterranean (Greece, Cyprus), b) Southeast Europe-Balkans (Bulgaria, Serbia) c) Central Europe-Midland (Austria), and d) Continental Europe-Baltic Sea (Poland). We will be able to collect and process sensor data from farms that span from the Southern to Northeast Europe, along with organic and non-organic production. We will also have access to large facilities such as Biological Cleaning Plant at BSL 3 covering large private farms, a Greek island (Santorini) and a Greek Region. More than 1,200 farmers will be directly involved in the experimentation phase, providing insights and feedback on AgriDataSpace platform and knowledge provided and more than 89,000 farmers will be dire

ENFIELD will create a unique European Centre of Excellence that excels the fundamental research in the scientific pillars of Adaptive, Green, Human-Centric, and Trustworthy AI that are new, strategic and of paramount importance to successful AI development, deployment, and acceptance in Europe and will further advance the research within verticals of healthcare, energy, manufacturing and space by attracting the best talents, technologies and resources from world-class research and industry players in Europe and by carrying out top-level research activities in synchronisation with industry challenges to reinforce a competitive EU position in AI and create significant socio-economic impact for the benefit of European citizens and businesses. ENFIELD will develop, maintain, scale-up and sustain a vibrant European network on AI composed of 30 consortium members from 18 countries, including top-level education and research organisations, large scale businesses, SMEs, and public sector representatives jointly addressing critical issues of research and innovation frontiers in this new topic of the European AI Lighthouse. ENFIELD will provide high impact outputs such as >75 unique AI solutions (algorithms, methods, simulations, services, data sets and prototypes), 180 scientific high-impact publications and 200 peer-reviewed presentations, four strategic documents, namely the Common Research Roadmap and Vision, the dynamic Safety and Security Risk Assessment Framework, the White Paper and the Gender and Ethics Framework. The exchange and innovation schemes planned in Open Calls, which will grant financial support to >76 individual researchers and 18 small-scale projects, education, and training activities such as summer schools and hackathons, and a set of well-designed outreach methods and activities will further contribute to the ENFIELD community engagement, enlargement, and continuity.

The continuous increase of the scope and the scale of the anthropogenic activities in which agriculture plays a significant role contributes to a rapid negative impact on the carbon cycle. The impact of agriculture on CO2 emissions will be further increased, considering that the world population will reach 9.7 billion by 2050 . EU has committed to mitigate the carbon footprint from agriculture as described in the CAP (Objective 4), the European Green Deal and its flagship strategies, the Farm to Fork and the Biodiversity strategies. The efficiency of these carbon footprint from agriculture strategies will be mainly determined by the synergy amongst all stakeholders (policy, industry, academia, civil society) in the quadruple helix within the place-based innovation ecosystems. The widening countries involved in this project, Cyprus, Greece and North Macedonia, as part of the Balkan-Mediterranean region, are heavily impacted by climate change. To achieve these targets an inter- and transdisciplinary approach is required to integrate the expertise and knowledge of all relevant stakeholders and a place-based perspective and design needs-based carbon farming solutions (practices and technologies) as well as strict policies to foster shifts towards a Climate-resilient Agriculture. The main objective of this project is to establish CARBONICA Excellence Hub by connecting the innovation ecosystems of Cyprus, Greece and North Macedonia, while enhancing their TRL as service providers, based on cutting-edge technologies (Earth Observation – EO; in situ data; digital agriculture etc.) in carbon farming. The main scope is to establish access to excellence to all relevant stakeholders in the QH of the WC, as well as strengthen regional innovation capacity guided by long-term joint R&I strategy in the carbon farming field.