The Himalaya is one region of the world where tectonic and climate interact dramatically. Since the India-Asia collision, the exhumation of the Himalayas has interacted with the Asian monsoon to generate one of the most intense erosion fluxes on Earth. If tectonic clearly forces the monsoon, it acts in turn on the mountain chain structure by controlling the intensity and distribution of erosion. Himalayan erosion finally contributes to the global reduction in atmospheric CO2 pressure responsible for the Oligocene glaciation. However, the direct sedimentary records of these processes during the Neogene are essentially unexplored or limited and inadequate for quantitative approaches. This project builds on IODP Expedition 354 which cored at transect at 8°N in the Bengal Fan. Through a multidisciplinary approach combining synthesis of seismic stratigraphy and architecture of the Bengal Fan, geochronology and geochemistry, this project is designed to quantify Himalayan erosion fluxes during Neogene and Quaternary.

TransIndiandairy addresses technical, organisational and institutional levers to upscale agroecological transitions. It does it by developing a multiscale framework on institutional resources regime guiding the analysis (both qualitative and quantitative) and supporting the integration of results. Indian dairy systems are chosen as case study for their local and international importance and for the unprecedented scale of their transition. Concretely, the team of 12 social and biotechnical scientists will analyse the coevolution between the business models involved in the production, processing and marketing of dairy products in three Indian states (WP1) and the multiscale governance of the transitions (WP2). It will also assess the systems multidimensional performance (matter and energy flows, value creation and distribution, resilience) (WP3). Project outcomes will be both scientific (articles, report, PhD) and operational (unlocking, knowledge spreading, scientific cooperation).