This research is focussed on the representation of the complex forms of settlement that are emerging in the wet-rice agricultural landscapes around the city of Jakarta. It documents the limitations of official macro-scaled planning maps in recording these areas, and diagnoses alternative styles of representation that various private sector and community actors have developed. This research hypothesizes that such representations are forming nascent 'cultures of legibility', and it examines their capacity to inform the formal urban and regional planning processes without being subsumed by their instrumental logics.\n\nThe settlement forms emerging around Jakarta (and other Southeast Asian mega-cities such as Bangkok and Manila) have been dubbed desa-kota landscapes ('rural-city' in Indonesian). They are characterized by a unique combination of land uses and infrastructures / rice agriculture, traditional villages, gated suburbs, cottage industries, malls, golf courses, industrial complexes, freeways. Desa-kota landscapes are visually, morphologically, and functionally more complex and fluid than even the most dispersed of western cities. Despite the ecological, social and economic difficulties such zones experience, they sustain (through various legal, illegal, and quasi-legal means) relatively successful communities.\n\nThe complexity and fluidity of desa-kota landscapes means that they present particular difficulties for the conventional modes of representation as deployed by the state agencies responsible for planning and managing their futures. These agencies rely heavily on the quantitative, orthographic and instrumental logics of traditional cartography and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). These forms of mapping, while suited to recording hard urban infrastructures, such as suburban housing, industrial complexes, and freeways, tend not to register the more ephemeral, landscape or vernacular elements of desa-kota zones. As a consequence, existing planning maps of desa-kota zones always contain substantial areas of 'illegibility' in which certain areas are left unmapped.\n\nIn many respects such desa-kota zones have, to date, benefited from their illegibility to the visual regime of state planning. This said, the longer-term viability of these zones requires them to become legible to, and so claim a stake in, formal planning processes. The illegibility of desa-kota zones at official levels is not replicated in local populist levels. Here, desa-kota landscapes have spawned a wide range of variable representational forms, ranging from private sector street directories and real-estate maps, to NGO and community green maps, to information graphics in mass circulation newspapers and magazines. The diverse aims, mediums and methods of such localized representations mean that they cannot be subsumed into a general cartography or singular logic of legibility. But they do offer patches of local legibility that constitute nascent ways of imagining the urban landscape, and that may give rise to distinctive 'cultures of legibility'.\n\nThe summary research objectives are to:\n\n1. Investigate recent debates on 'urban legibility'\n2. Elaborate these debates in relation to specific desa-kota landscapes\n3. Document the limitations of official macro-scaled planning maps and diagnose nascent 'cultures of legibility' in these zones\n4. Examine their capacities to inform and extend the representational conventions of urban planning and design\n5. Exploit the potentials of interactive, web-based geographic information technologies for research and dissemination.\n\nThis research has the potential to enrich the visual languages and theoretical vocabularies available to planners, urban designers and architects working in desa-kota contexts. Furthermore, it will facilitate the integration of the Southeast Asian urban experience into wider international debates on emergent urban forms.

The short term impact of the HealthI (acronym; working title is Heath-I) project is the creation of a solid foundation of necessary knowledge and tools to develop locally an innovative, post-graduate education program in clinical epidemiology and big data. The long term impact of the Health-I project is the improvement of the health outcomes of the Indonesian population by building a critical mass of health researchers, particularly physicians, to generate evidence for health practice and policy.The Health-I project has the following objectives:1. Strengthen the capacity in clinical epidemiological and big data research by training the next generation of physicians and building a Community of Practice with experts in health research that are equipped to self-sustain, develop and amplify knowledge in this field of expertise;2. Enhance the capacity of teaching in (clinical) epidemiology and big data by training of trainers;3. Access to high quality education without limits of time and space by increasing the capacity to develop online education;4. Promote mutual understanding, exchange of good practices and collaborations between the partners.These objectives should be reached using the following tools:1. Developing and offering of online courses for physicians;2. Onsite training sessions with Indonesian trainers and participants in support of the online courses to guarantee indispensable social interaction among participants and staff from both Indonesia and Europe;3. Conduct of research projects supervised by European and Indonesian experts;4. Teaching of skills needed for the development of online education, including the use of technical facilities needed for developmentThe sustainability of the project is guaranteed through the train the trainer component, a business model for the online courses and continuing PhD training after the project. The results of the project will be disseminated actively via the consortium partners and their network.

This proposal is underpinned by the findings of the AHRC-funded AgeingHood research, entitled "Protecting the livelihood of vulnerable residents in Klong Toey, Bangkok, Thailand" (AHRC reference: AH/T011599/1). AgeingHood was a 12-month research project undertaken in collaboration between University of Sheffield's (UoS) School of Architecture and Department of Architecture, Kasetsart University (KU), Bangkok, Thailand. AgeingHood project ended on 30 June 2021. AgeingHood explored the intersection between three key domains of human life: ageing, housing and livelihood for the low-income residents of Klong Toey (KT). The aim of the project was to support a low-income people-led initiative as a result of a precarious housing situation they were facing, which was also threatening their welfare, given that most residents in KT, and particularly older people, depended on their housing for their livelihood. In the context of the AgeingHood research, livelihood is a means of subsistence, in which people use their living spaces for a range of home-based enterprises, to support themselves and their families. Housing and livelihood constitute fundamental human needs; the cumulative effect of the dysfunction of these aspects of human lives have greater consequences for vulnerable groups in low- and middle-income countries. By addressing housing insecurity and livelihood problems of low-income residents of informal settlement of KT, this project responded to structural inequalities entrenched in the KT communities. These structural inequalities often manifest as poor living and poor health conditions, a lack of or dysfunctional public infrastructure and inaccessible green outdoor spaces. AgeingHood espoused a research approach that recognised that housing challenges are often multi-dimensional, involving various stakeholders, with diverse and, often, conflicting interests. Sustainable and equitable solutions were co-created which has been inclusive of all stakeholders, leading to the production and publication of the AgeingHood toolkit. The solutions proffered by AgeingHood toolkit now need to be further supported in order to achieve real-life positive impacts for these vulnerable communities, and offer opportunities for knowledge exchange. This follow-on funding project will implement the AgeingHood toolkit, through impact creation, knowledge exchange and capacity building. The AgeingHood toolkit proposes inclusive solutions to address unintended consequences of urban resettlement of low-income older residents in Klong Toey. This includes housing typologies and recommendations for advocacy for low-income people, and alternatives to eviction. Through participatory methods, such as spatial observation, post-occupancy evaluation and co-design workshops, the AgeingHood toolkit created three housing typologies for the people of KT, based on their occupational needs, household size and personal circumstances. Three distinct activities will be undertaken to achieve the project objectives. This include two focus groups, an international knowledge exchange symposium, and a sandpit workshop. All these activities will take place in Bangkok.

The seminal 2012 publication of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study highlighted the relevance of ambient particular matter pollution for adverse effects on public health, ranking within the top ten of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in both developed and developing countries. While much emphasis has been placed on research to better understand and identify strategies to reduce air pollution from key anthropogenic emission sources (e.g. road transport, shipping, household biomass burning), forest fires (also referred to as wildfires or bushfires in different parts of the world) did not get as much attention. Despite the occurrence of wildfires without any human influence, a recent paper researching the loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors at a global scale indicates that only 10% of all wildfire emissions can be classed as 'natural'. Other studies illustrate the complexity and trends in wildfires particularly in South and South East Asian countries. At the same time, most research into modelling effects of transboundary air pollution on public health has to date focused on the Northern Hemisphere, with very little data available to underpin robust assessments of the contribution of fire events on air quality in the wider Asia-Pacific Region (APR). Evaluating the contribution of Fire Emissions to Transboundary Air Pollution and public health risks in the Asia-Pacific region (EFETAP) brings together researchers from the UK, Australia, Indonesia and Malaysia to address the critical questions related to the contributions to transboundary air pollution from wildfires and other biomass burning in the region. To achieve this, EFETAP will improve the representation of fire emissions and their contribution in a globally applied and widely used state-of-the-art atmospheric chemistry transport model to determine the scale of the contribution of fire emissions to air pollution episodes in the APR. Secondly, building on a better understanding of the origin and composition of fine particulate matter concentrations in the APR, health researchers will explore the utility of better integrating environmental and health datasets to identify key drivers and potential intervention points for strategies to reduce public health impacts. Finally, EFETAP aims to trial the development of a framework for short-term forecasting of PM2.5 pollution episodes in the APR, providing better insight into the composition and origin of the pollutants driving severe haze events. In order to achieve these objectives, EFETAP brings together an international, interdisciplinary team comprising five academic institutions and two research institutes from 4 countries (UK, Australia, Indonesia, and Malaysia). This new partnership combines existing bilateral collaborations into a strong, integrated team with complementary expertise and ample experience in working across discipline and country boundaries. The strength of this partnership lies as well in the relationships of all partners to the wider research landscape, including close ties with national and international funding agencies and science foundations, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (with its Air Convention, which has laid the foundations for transboundary air pollution assessment globally), the World Health Organisation and the United Nations Environment Programme. The PI, Co-I and project partners are well established and networked, bringing considerable added value and in-kind contributions through staff time and expertise, which will further add to the leveraging power of this new partnership. The project will convene two workshops, one in Australia and one in the UK to engage the wider academic community, research funding agencies and policy makers to ensure that the findings are accessible and taken up by the research community, and informs future international, interdisciplinary funding calls.