A consortium of five organisations – Farafina Institute (Germany), Youth Network for Human Rights and Democracy (Ghana), the University of Swaziland (Swaziland), African & Caribbean Diversity (United Kingdom) and Partnership for Development Initiative Trust (PDIT) developed and piloted a ‘Training Module for Agents for Social Change through Exchange’ for young people of African origin from Europe and young people from Africa. The module will trains young people between 18 and 28 years to jointly become active for Social Development Goal 10 - the reduction of inequalities. In order to facilitate their exchange and joint action as a group and with other young people from Europe and Africa, the consortium also developed an ‘Online Platform for the Exchange of Change Makers’ that was given the name 'Action for Change' by the youth participants.Both outputs were piloted and tested with a group of young people of African origin from Germany and the UK and young people from Swaziland, Ghana and Zimbabwe. The group came together in the frame of a Mobility Activity in Germany in June 2018.This is before the background that young people often have the desire to become active for the elimination of inequalities in society on different levels (e.g. social status, gender, ethnicity, migration status etc.) but to be able to do so, they need:- knowledge (e.g. understanding of the wider context of and reasons for inequalities), - tools (e.g. methods of social action, funding opportunities), - strategies (e.g. turning ideas into action, project management), - connections with similarly motivated young people.They received training for these competences, conducted short internships and formed groups for the implementation of follow-up projects with the guidance of the participating organisations after the end of the project. The intern hosting organisations were all targeting the elimination of different inequalities related to gender, migration or refugee background, disability, environment and other areas. While participants were doing their internships, they were hosted by local families in Berlin, Munich, Bamberg and Hamburg.The youth participants also decided to write a book together on the experiences and reflections they made in the course of the project. A structure, authorships for chapters and a review process was developed during the exchange visit. Almost all chapters have been drafted by youth participants with the guidance of the coordinators. An external reviewer agreed to do a final review.The project applied a highly participatory approach. Participants and participating institutions (PIs) were included in and contributed to each stage of the project. Strategic meetings were conducted with PIs and local organisations working with youth for the exchange of experience and knowledge during the exchange visit. A Round Table with Embassy representatives of different African countries was also conducted as part of the exchange visit.The project contributes to the Framework for European Cooperation in the Youth Field, to the ‘Equity and Inclusion’ goal of Erasmus+ and to the Key Competences for Lifelong Learning 6 and 7.The idea and concept for the project was developed by the participants of project ‘Participate - Empowering Young People of African Origin for Political Participation in Europe’, that was funded as an Erasmus+, Key Action 3. The project was co-funded by the German organisation Engagement Global’s (EG) newly launched ‘German-African Youth Initiative’.The PIs decided in their final project meeting in Swaziland to continue the approach of EChange and implement the developed outputs with the inclusion of some new partners.

A consortium of five organisations – Farafina Institute (Germany), Youth Network for Human Rights and Democracy (Ghana), the University of Swaziland (Eswatini), Footprints for Change (Kenya), and the University of Zambia (Zambia) will implement the ‘Training Module for Agents for Social Change through Exchange’ that was developed by the Erasmus+ project ‘EChange’.The implementation of the module empowers youth between 18 and 28 years to become active for the priorities of the Africa-EU partnership, especially for the priority areas ‘Investing in people’ and ‘Strengthening resilience, peace, security and governance'. To facilitate their joint action as a group and with other youth from Europe and Africa, this project will develop a ‘Project Development and Fundraising Tutorial’ that will be added to the online platform ‘Action for Change’ that was also built through EChange. A professional ‘Youth Exchange Documentary’ will be created to document and disseminate the experiences of this project.The project will be implemented by youth organisations and young people from Germany, Ghana, Kenya, Eswatini and Zambia. The whole group will come together in 2 Youth Exchange Mobility Activities (MAs) – one in Kenya and one in Germany.Drawing from the Erasmus+ project EChange, this project recognises that in view of their potentials, youth are key agents to pursue peace, security and governance, but there is need to grow their capacities. Such capacities include:• knowledge (e.g. understanding of the wider context of resilience, peace, security and governance), • motivation (e.g. recognizing the potentials of youth in bringing about change)• tools (e.g. methods of social action),• strategies (e.g. turning ideas into action, project management),• connections with similarly motivated youth for joint action. The analysis of EChange showed that such capacities can be built through the EChange approach.Participants will receive training for these competences and work in groups for the implementation of follow-up projects with the guidance of the participating institutions (PIs) after the end of the project.The project applies a highly participatory approach. Participants and PIs will be included in and contribute to each stage of the project. Strategic meetings will be conducted with the PIs for the exchange of experience and knowledge and networking with other organisations working with youth and the priority topics as part of the Mas and transnational project meetings.The PIs are youth-based organisations, with objectives of youth development and networking as means to the realisation of collective potentials for change. YouNet and UNISWA were partners of the projects ‘EChange’ and ‘Participate’, coordinated by FI.The project will contribute to the three areas of action proposed for a new EU Youth Strategy: Engage, Connect, Empower. These areas fit with the youth policies of the participating countries and of the African Union agenda 2063.

Around 300 million African girls and women are at risk of the poverty related disease, Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS), and 400 million are at risk for cervical cancer. Most of these are in Sub-Saharan Africa. FGS may be mistaken for cervical cancer or a sexually transmitted infection, and treated accordingly. Women may have FGS lesions, have cryptogenic bloody or malodorous discharge, or pain, and, be at higher risk for HIV and Human papillomavirus (HPV). FGS is best diagnosed by point-of-care visualisation of the shape and colour of the lesions. However, health professionals require several weeks of training where the disease is seen frequently, and often they need a colposcope to recognise FGS. Worldwide, there are only a handful of health professionals who are proficient in FGS diagnosis. A multispectral highly innovative colposcope linked to a smartphone, designed by an SME for cervical cancer recognition, will be adapted and validated for FGS diagnosis in this proposal. In three countries with different FGS epidemiology and different practices for gynaecological investigations of women, we will conduct a clinical trial in the spirit of the EDCTP agenda, with the ultimate aim of a patent and local production. With lessons from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an eLearning course will be designed and trialled. Equipment, consultations and training will be adapted to practical realities (cultures, unstable electricity/internet, poverty, vulnerability). As recommended by the WHO and the "HPV faster approach", the diagnosis should be at the point-of-care. Management and data collection protocols will be designed in collaboration with the national health authorities in Southern Africa, the WHO and also in one European country. This is a thrust to promote clinical research and digitalisation for vulnerable populations. Hundreds of clinicians and scientists will receive training in FGS, clinical trials, and social sciences.

Swaziland has a very high prevalence of both diabetes and hypertension, with the majority of those affected being undiagnosed. Like many other countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), however, Swaziland provides care for diabetes and hypertension only through physician-led teams in hospitals. The country has recently conducted a successful feasibility pilot of the World Health Organisation’s Package of Essential NCD Interventions for Primary Health Care in low-resource settings (WHO-PEN). The WHO-PEN@Scale project aims to improve diabetes and hypertension control at the population-level by helping Swaziland identify and scale up the most effective healthcare delivery model for WHO-PEN implementation at scale. Specifically, we will conduct an innovative nation-wide three-phased adaptive randomised study to i) rigorously assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of three novel community-based healthcare delivery models to scale up WHO-PEN for diabetes and hypertension nationally, ii) study in-depth the real-life implementation of the WHO-PEN national scale-up in Swaziland to generate lessons for other countries, and iii) actively disseminate the Swazi experience along with an open-source toolkit for WHO-PEN scale-up to policy makers in SSA. WHO-PEN@Scale will therefore provide a blueprint of primary health system strengthening for diabetes and hypertension – and ultimately non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more generally - for other countries in the region. WHO-PEN@Scale is highly relevant to this work programme because i) the interventions contained in WHO-PEN have been shown to be cost-effective, ii) the scale-up is government-led, and iii) we assess the impact of WHO-PEN@Scale on diabetes and hypertension control at the population-level.