In the high Andes, which have been the cradle of important pre-Hispanic civilizations and are inhabited by millions of people, glacier losses consecutive to warming result in the emergence of large proglacial landscapes (‘tierras nuevas’; + 8000 km2 since 1850), which generate both threats and opportunities for adaptation. Risks include species extinctions, loss of water provision, water contamination from acid rock drainage, slope instability, reduction of biomass for livestock and loss of identity and cultural values. Novel ecosystems, however, are emerging after the retreat of the ice, and can mitigate the risks related to climate change: they are the future providers of key Nature’s Contributions to People (NCPs) for the local populations, which are currently provided by downstream support ecosystems. The speed of glacial retreat far exceeds that of the vegetation primary succession and soil formation. As a result, the novel proglacial ecosystems might not fully supersede the role played by the current support Andean ecosystems, which are fragilized by global changes. Will these novel ecosystems be able to mitigate socio-economic and ecological crises caused by the acceleration of global change? Do they require intervention to enhance NCPs provision? In the high Andes, ancestral practices (Andean camelid herding, terracing, irrigation) have been used for millennia to enhance the sustainability and productivity of high Andean ecosystems, but it has been scarcely used in proglacial landscapes so far. Such practices have the potential to enhance the NCPs provided by novel ecosystems, such as limiting water contamination, increasing biomass production for livestock and slope stability. The objective of the project TierrasNuevas is to co-construct and evaluate the reasonable implementation of in situ, ancestral Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in proglacial landscapes that can mitigate the negative consequences of glacier retreat on NCPs. For this purpose, we are an inter- and trans-disciplinary consortium that brings together specialists in Human, Earth and Life sciences. The consortium (UMR AMAP, IGE and CESCO; gender ratio = 1) will collaborate with local communities and with long-standing academic and non-academic Andean partners with extensive experience in the focal sites. The project will be carried out in four flagship valleys inhabited by local communities who still use ancestral land-use practices in four mountain ranges in Peru (1), Bolivia (2) and Chile (1). The results collected in the flagships valleys will be exportable to the subwatershed and mountain ranges scales, conferring a regional scope of the project. TierrasNuevas is built around three work packages (WPs). WP1a, in collaboration with Peasant Communities, co-assesses the local needs for investigations and proposes ancestral NbS to be tested with in situ experiments in WP3. WP2 characterises the landscapes at three spatial scales: the four flagship valleys, their glacierized subwatersheds, and their mountain-range (geo-physical and socio-economic mapping, including the characterization of the support ecosystems). WP3 implements and evaluates the in situ experiments co-constructed in WP1a in proglacial landscapes (vegetation, soil, water quality). Outcomes of WP2 and WP3 are later combined to compare the NCPs delivered by support ecosystems and novel proglacial ecosystems and to upscale results to subwatersheds and mountain ranges. The results are ultimately co-evaluated with stakeholders and decision-makers to propose decision-making tools (WP1b). In conclusion, TierrasNuevas is a co-constructed project that responds to a strong societal demand on a regional scale and will have a direct impact on management practices and on the socio-economic sustainability and cultural identity of peasant communities in the Andes.

France lies at the crossroads of several major migration routes for Eurasian birds. Of the 320 species that regularly fly over the French territory, almost two-thirds move partially or even exclusively at night. This phenomenon of nocturnal migration remains relatively understudied to date, while at the same time many species are experiencing a marked decline. In addition to the factors affecting all migratory birds (e.g. habitat loss, deliberate destruction), species that have a nocturnal flight strategy are particularly likely to be impacted by more specific threats: collisions with vertical structures, especially in the context of the massive development of wind farms, or light pollution, which causes disorientation. To understand and limit these impacts, it is essential to accurately describe the spatial and temporal distribution of migrating birds. VOLDENUIT is a citizen science program designed to meet these objectives. It is based on a tested bioacoustic approach, which enables passive monitoring of nocturnal migration to be set up in any habitat using autonomous recorders. Over the 18 months of the project, our consortium will start a network of confirmed observers who will use a protocol tested over several years to launch a large-scale standardized data collection. At the same time, our team will continue to develop an artificial intelligence-based tool to automate the detection and identification of bird calls. In the medium term, the data collected will enable us to better understand the phenology of nocturnal migrants, their migration routes and how they are impacted by various anthropogenic disturbances. A strong emphasis will be placed on disseminating results, integrating feedback from the community and publishing for different audiences (scientists, general public, stakeholders) in order to maximize the impact of the knowledge acquired and rapidly propose applications in the field of conservation. In this sense, the development of free, public algorithms will enable the network to be extended to a wider, less specialized audience, and to ensure its long-term viability. In the long term, VOLDENUIT's results will also be used to explore issues of phenological migration shifts in relation to climate change.

In response to a request made by students in agricultural education (AE), a consortium involving AE, MNHN and CEFE was created in 2021, in order to study the complex and poorly-known relationship between livestock breeding and coprophagous beetles communities. Over the course of two years of collaboration, systems that not only answer the initial question, but also enrich educational approaches, improve scientific knowledge and question practices have been devised, discussed and tested with students and teachers in a dozen establishments. They are now intended to be deployed in agricultural schools throughout metropolitan France. Designed to answer the questions of AE learners, these systems allow future farmers to become familiar with the scientific approach and to participate in the constitution of a new knowledge, a key issue for agroecology development. Initiated early in their career, the approach should accompany future farmers in their practices and thus concern a large part of the society, while enriching research questions.

At the interface between terrestrial and marine ecosystems, rocky shores are rich and productive ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services and are particularly attractive to human societies. Biodiversity and ecosystem services associated with rocky shores are currently impacted by several global change factors. To understand these impacts, it is essential to document long-term changes on rocky shores. Citizen science programmes offer an opportunity to do this over large spatial areas. These programmes respond to a twofold scientific (documenting the trajectories of rocky shores in response to global changes) and a societal problem (involving participants, their knowledge and questions in the co-construction of how to interpret the observed changes). Our project proposal is based on the “Algues Brunes and Bigorneaux” (namely, brown algae and periwinkles) Observatory of the BioLit citizen science programme. Over the past 11 years, it has collected more than 70,000 data on 32 shores (with 24 partner structures and 280 observers). Our proposal is to develop solutions to transform this observatory to document, in the long term, the impacts of two global change factors (pollution and climate change) on macroalgal and mollusc communities on rocky foreshores, focusing on the pilot region of Brittany. This is an interdisciplinary project that aims to co-construct shared knowledge between the scientific community and civil society through the formulation of "citizen bioindicators", a new concept of bioindication at the science-society interface. The sociological work package, through working groups, will ensure the science-society dialogue and will synthesise it to formalise the hybridisation of knowledge. The work package “response of rocky foreshores to global changes” will seek solutions to strengthen the capacity of the ABB programme to detect the effects of eutrophication and develop the capacity of this program to detect the effects of climate change. More specifically, the work on this ecological package will consist of building-programming the allocation of sampling effort to better detect the effects of pollution and climate change, and setting up hypotheses on the expected changes to be observed using predictive modelling approaches. Finally, drawing on the results of the sociological and ecological work packages, a third work package will aim to develop science-society transfer tools to exchange knowledge productions, make them accessible and allow them to be questioned by non-specialist audiences while remaining intelligible. This work package will aim to provide an indication of the health of rocky shores through a bioindication approach that questions both the participants' and the science's viewpoints, which will be formalised by the development of interactive online bioindication tools, accessible to all. The animation of the project will be ensured by a transversal work package dedicated to both the mobilisation of citizens and associative partners and to the scientific animation of the project. This project ESPOIRS (French word for “HOPES”) promises major scientific and societal benefits, making it possible to remove prominent scientific barriers (documenting the impacts of global changes over the long term), to respond to society's questions about the reality of ongoing global changes, and to enrich and then disseminate the lessons learned about the capacity of citizen science to retain observers.

Western societies seem to have built themselves "against nature", as Serge Moscovici (1972) put it. According to a growing number of specialists (Parma Declaration, WHO 2010), more and more of us are suffering from "nature deficit disorder", with deleterious consequences for our health. Its corollary is the "extinction of the experience of nature" and its effects on our lack of commitment to biodiversity. Against this backdrop, which requires both support for the socio-ecological transition and careful attention to individual well-being, offering children varied experiences of nature from an early age is a key issue. Although public policies have recently become aware of this urgency, and have introduced it in several major texts in the early childhood field (e.g., in the Charter of the first 1000 days in September 2020, in the National Charter for the care of young children in 2021, in the strategy for combating and preventing poverty established in 2021), professional practices and constraints are still largely unsuited to bringing children (and the adults who accompany them) back in nature. This research-action project aims to fill this gap: it proposes an innovative approach to support early childhood professionals and parents (hereinafter referred to as "referring adults") to experience nature with young children (0-3 years), with the help of a catalog of activities, which are participatory co-constructed and validated by volunteer referring adults. A participatory platform, designed and created through the collaboration of the four project partner teams, will enable the referring adults to find inspiration, interact with each other and co-construct these early-learning practices in contact with nature. Eventually, this platform will become a pedagogical resource center, and provide a vast amount of data that can be mobilized by research to characterize the effects of nature experiences on children and on referring adults, but also on the child-adult relationship, on relations between adults and on the design of the early child caring professions. This co-research project is dedicated to the co-design and the first steps of this platform. The relationship with nature and the relationship with others being at the heart of this project, conservation sciences (at Cesco) and information and communication sciences (at Cerlis) are brought together in this highly interdisciplinary project, which aims to link the study of the semiotics of nature experience and its operational translation: proposing, collecting and sharing these nature experiences in a digital platform enabling to enlarge the participating community, to make exchanges faster, and to archive posted data. This project is initiated and co-supported by Label Vie, a association from Social and Solidarity Economy founded in 2002s and that supports early childhood facilities for ecological, social and health transition. Label Vie has always championed the major role of contact with nature in the well-being and health of young children. Through its network of almost 1,000 early childhood facilities, Label Vie has a very good practical knowledge of the early childhood and how to mobilize the professional community. Finally, the Mosaic service unit, founded in 2020 following a PIA investment; it is a partner in twenty participatory research schemes based on data co-production and sharing platforms; Mosaic will be the methodological and technical partner for this platform project.