There is now a substantial population of exoplanets with well-determined masses, radii, and orbital parameters in a range of host stellar systems. JWST will bring an increase in exoplanets with atmospheric spectroscopy measurements, moving the field from pure discovery to population synthesis and characterization. Many of the best-studied planetary systems are massive and located within 1AU of their central stars; it is not clear whether all of these planets migrated from farther out in their natal disks to this location or if they could have formed in situ. Both scenarios should produce distinct compositions resulting from multiple strong, time-dependent chemical gradients in their disks due to thermal sublimation and grain processing effects. These effects likely set the bulk chemical composition of the planet’s core and atmosphere, which are accreted from different material in the disk. By determining the physical conditions within 1AU, I will confirm whether they are sufficient to support in situ planet formation. I will also map the distribution of key planetary building blocks in both the solid phase (dust grains) and gas phase. This will be accomplished by interpreting disks’ flux as a function of wavelength with radiative transfer models including detailed sublimation and condensation physics, and comparing observed spectral features in both the solid and gaseous phases in molecular and atomic form to those predicted by models. This project will provide training through research in numerical methods and exoplanet characterization techniques, which are important in the long term for my career goals to lead a research group in planetary formation. Through development courses, I will improve my marketability for senior research positions and in turn transfer my infrared observing skills and US and European network connections to the host. This project increases the visibility of the host and European exoplanetary astronomy on an international scale.

In Indonesia, the world’s most populous Muslim country, a so-called mediated “eco-jihad” (Zbidi 2013) has emerged. Today, Islamic ‘green’ pop musicians, eco-YouTube-imams, films, and social media (campaigns) find inspiration in religious scriptures to encourage Muslims to engage in environmental protection. For eco-conscious Muslims, the Qur’an is “the ultimate green-guide”. (Zaufishan 2013) The Qur’an is read by Muslims for spirituality, but the Qur’an also provides countless examples that could be read as “an Islamic call to combat climate change”. (Zaufishan 2013) Indonesian cultural producers are now “acting on these historic edicts with an eye toward the consequences of global warming for the world’s most populous Muslim country”. (Bodetti 2018) Taking Indonesia as a case study and focusing on the main outlets of Islamic eco-cultural discourse (film, TV, popular music, social media), this project aims to investigate an Islamic eco-cultural approach to climate change. EcoIslam asks: What does an Indonesian Islamic eco-cultural approach to climate change entail and how is it developed, negotiated, and contested? Through a multi-method research design and a conceptual approach that draws on an ‘affective eco-governmentality of care’, the project analyzes three levels (institutions, texts, publics) through four work packages. The project analyzes (level 1, work package 1: institutions) how Islamic institutions play a key role in the development of Islamic eco-media; (level 2, work package 2: texts) how subjects are affectively addressed as ‘caring’ eco-conscious Muslim citizens – as khala’ifa of the earth – by these media ‘texts’ (i.e. media products); (level 3, work package 3: publics) how people negotiate specific ‘green’ ‘Islamic’ subject positions through their engagement with media texts; and (synthesis, work package 4: relations) how institutions, texts, and publics relate.

Every individual is connected to a network of kin --- her/his family in the broad sense of that term --- that develops and changes as the individual ages. Family network affect demographic, economic, and health-related aspects of life and society. Despite its undeniable importance, remarkably little formal theory exists to show how kin dynamics are determined by mortality, fertility, and other variables. This project will develop a comprehensive mathematical model for kinship. It will be applicable to any kind of kin, in any population, based on any kind of age-classified or multistate structure. At the individual level, it will provide deterministic and stochastic properties of kin and kin characterstics, account for both dead and living kin, apply to age-, stage-, or multistate models, incorporate time variation, and include a general sensitivity analysis. At the cohort level, it will yield the means and variances of the lifetime experience of kin of any specified type. At the population level, the models will provide the distributions of kin characteristics, and the sources of their variance, as a function of population growth, and provide a link to population projections. The mathematical methods will be based on a novel development of coupled systems of subsidized matrix population models and their stochastic counterparts, on variance partitioning within and between ages, and on stochastic models with rewards. The use of matrix methods will provide results vastly exceeding any approximate or simulation procedures now in use, and be readily implemented in matrix-oriented stastical software. As a proof of concept and to search for patterns, exploratory analyses will be conducted using national and international life table and fertility data, model life tables, and detailed individual register data. A sequence of research workshops are planned to help communicate the results and develop new ideas and applications.