In a hierarchically-formed Universe, the Milky Way is a test-bed to study in details the mechanisms that shape galaxies. The synergy between the Gaia space satellite and the ground-based spectroscopic survey WEAVE gives access, for the first time, to more than thirty tracers of the past of our Galaxy for a million stars of the extended Solar neighbourhood, and to a dozen of tracers for another two million stars outside of it. Our project concerns the study of the Galactic disc, a structure that encodes both internal (e.g. stellar radial migration) and external (e.g. accretion events) mechanisms that come into play in the chemo-dynamical evolution of our Galaxy. We have built a versatile team with nodes in Nice, Paris and Strasbourg, including experts in Galaxy evolution, simulations and modelling. The team members are heavily involved in both WEAVE and Gaia in order to extract the maximum of information available in those combined catalogues. Over the course of the four-year MWDisc ANR project, and alongside to the accumulation of the WEAVE data (starting in Q1 2021), we aim to produce added-value catalogues for the WEAVE stellar targets (containing homogeneous stellar chemical abundances, ages, orbits and extinctions) and models associated to the diffusion of mono-age populations by time-varying perturbations and superposition of perturbations (associated to the spiral arms and the Galactic bar). These models and catalogues will allow us, in turn, to evaluate the star formation history in various regions of the disc, put constraints on the merger tree of the Milky Way (including the analysis of existing simulations of ours), to link the geometrical properties of the thin and thick disc with their chemical counterparts and finally to characterize the efficiency of radial migration throughout the disc.

The lowest metallicity stars are also the oldest ones and they carry the imprint of the first supernovae. Since the very first stars are likely short-lived and inaccessible to us, the lowest metallicity stars are also those that can inform us most on the first generation of stars, how they enriched their environment, and produced the first structures that, through hierarchical formation, built up the primordial constituents of the galaxies we observe today. These stars are exceedingly rare and few of them are known today. In order to efficiently improve on this situation, we have put in place the Pristine international collaboration. Focussed around a wide narrow-band photometric survey conducted at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope and a large dedicated spectroscopic campaign, Pristine is many times more efficient than previous attempts at finding the precious low-metallicity stars. From the detailed study of these stars, we will: hunt for the most extreme low-metallicity stars; place constraints on star formation during the earliest epoch of the universe; reliably unveil the properties of the faintest known dwarf galaxies that orbit the Milky Way and are promising cosmological probes; decompose the Milky Way into its main components to place our Galaxy in the global context of galaxy formation and evolution; deconstruct the stellar halo of the Milky Way into its constituent substructures, which will then be used to constrain the mass and shape of the Milky's Way potential. In order to reliably achieve these significant goals, we request funding to support Pristine in France and ensure the project is staffed adequately to yield high-impact scientific returns in the field of very low metallicity stars. Our team is built around experts of the field in Nice (OCA/Lagrange), Paris (GEPI), and Strasbourg (Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg) and represents a large part of the full Pristine collaboration. To complement this team, we ask for funding for a PhD student and two postdoctoral researchers who will be spread over the three French nodes of our project, along with funds to support the team and secure the visibility and active partnership of the French team members within the full international Pristine collaboration. We wish to emphasize that the effort already invested by the current team members into preparing the survey (successful telescope time proposals, data acquisition, reduction, and calibration, start of the spectroscopic follow-up campaign) means that the Pristine project is a low risk but high return project if it were to be supported by the ANR. It builds on large facilities and surveys with a significant French involvement (CFHT, Gaia, WEAVE) and it promises numerous high impact papers to be published in the high-visibility fields of Galactic archaeology and near-field cosmology in which France is a world leader.

MOFUEL ambitions to develop a new generation of sustainable mixed matrix membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells, based on acidic durable MOFs with enhanced proton conducting properties. The MOFs will be dispersed in bio-sourced polymers to shape highly conductive membranes. The main goal is to propose a sustainable alternative to Nafion (with equivalent or higher performance, cheaper, more sustainable), while drawing a rational of the key parameters to achieve high proton conductivity in the membrane (particles size, MOF/polymer interaction, MOF loading, membrane thickness). Furthermore, we aim to shed light on the complex proton conduction mechanism in MOF-based membranes.