Hepatitis D is by far the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis frequently leading to liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Hepatitis D is caused by coinfection of hepatitis B patients with the hepatitis D virus (HDV). Up to 20 Million individuals are infected with HDV worldwide including about 250.000 patients in the European Union. There is very limited knowledge on disease pathophysiology and host-virus interactions explaining the large interindividual variability in the course of hepatitis D. It is in particular unknown why 20-50% are spontaneously able to control HDV replication, why the majority but not all patients progress to advanced stages of liver disease and why only some patients show off-treatment responses to antiviral treatment with either pegylated interferon alpha or the novel HBV/HDV entry inhibitor bulevirtide. As HDV is an orphan disease, no multicenter cohorts of HDV infected patients are available with appropriate biobanking. There is also no reliable animal model available allowing to study host responses. Thus, there is an urgent clinical, social and economic need to better understand individual factors determining the outcome of infection and to identify subjects benefitting from currently available treatments. Hepatitis D is a protype infection which could hugely benefit from a novel individualized infectious medicine approach. We here aim to perform an unbiased screening of a large multicenter cohort of well-defined HDV-infected patients followed by mechanistic studies to determine the functional role of distinct molecules. Identified specific parameters could have an immediate impact on the personalized surveillance strategies and antiviral treatment approaches. D-SOLVE aims to reduce disease burden, improve patient?s quality of life and safe direct and indirect costs caused by HDV infection by combining exceptional clinical, immunological, bioinformatical and virological expertise from leading centers in Europe.

In childhood, adolescence and young adults (CAYA), melanoma is under-studied and non-existing tailored clinical guidelines and standardized approaches lead to a very low diagnostic accuracy. The MELCAYA project aims to understand risk factors and determinants of melanoma to improve the prevention, diagnosis and prognosis of melanomas in CAYAs through a strong international consortium with experts from 10 countries in different disciplines (e.g. oncology, paediatrics, ethics, policy making), and sectors (e.g. academic centers, SMEs, hospitals, patient associations). MELCAYA will work on different approaches. 1) By integrating existing reference European cohorts and registries, studies of genetic and environmental risk factors and progression of melanoma in CAYA will be performed through different omic methods, and a novel taxonomy of CAYA melanoma will be generated. 2) MELCAYA will also develop image-based robust and trustworthy machine learning tools and a pan-European second-opinion platform for better diagnosis specifically designed for CAYA. 3) Moreover, the validation of minimally and non-invasive disruptive tools based on artificial intelligence and volatilomics detection from exhaled breath and skin will lead to earlier detection and more accurate prognosis of melanoma in CAYA. 4) Finally, through the evidence gathered, MELCAYA will design and implement public health strategies and will actively involve patients and the general population. The results of MELCAYA will maximize its impact by making its data and results accessible and re-usable through integration into UNCAN.eu. This action is part of the Cancer Mission cluster of projects on ‘‘Understanding".

Safest, reliable, individualised care of patients at-risk of deterioration needs patients themselves to play an active role in their care whenever possible: late detection or escalation of deterioration causes avoidable harms, and deaths. In this project we will challenge industry to develop robust monitoring and communications systems that connect patients, carers and health professionals, provide early warning of acute deterioration in and out of hospital, and learn and adapt to different individuals in different situations. Wearable sensor technology allows dynamic monitoring of vital signs that indicate health status, while bidirectional video communication allows interaction with the patient and in depth assessment. Self-learning adaptive algorithms interfaced with Electronic Medical Records can provide reliable early warning with few false alarms; and data about individual responses to different therapies.We will first target known at-risk patients such as those on general hospital floors after discharge from Intensive Care or following major surgery, and the frail elderly. This will also enable the safe care of many patients at home, e.g., patients seen in the Emergency Room but judged not to need hospital admission, or those with serious chronic conditions. Reliable, robust monitoring and communication systems will improve patient safety in hospital and after discharge, will decrease avoidable harms and deaths, reduce length of stay and readmissions, and help maintain patient’s independence; providing reassurance of wellness and early warning of deterioration. Analysis of collected ‘big data’ will increase understanding of treatment of specific patient groups, and provide spinoffs such as eHealth applications for chronic conditions. Once mature and integrated in European health care systems, the procured technology can truly transform healthcare by engaging with and empowering all at-risk patients, and enabling their connection with health professionals

Cancer- healthcare, research and innovation face core common challenges, such as fragmentation of initiatives and distancing from important stakeholders, requiring coordinated solutions. These challenges are recognized in Horizon Europe’s Cancer Mission Implementation Plan and in Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. The proposal Establishing of Cancer Mission Hubs: Networks and Synergies (ECHoS) represents a unique opportunity to coordinate R&I and Healthcare actions on cancer with policy-making processes creating transnational communication & collaboration networks aligned with Cancer Mission objectives. Experiences shows that the setup and implementation of innovative health solutions are more likely to be successful when a broad range of stakeholders and decision-makers from the public and private sectors are part of the process. By fostering the creation of National Cancer Mission Hubs (NCMHs) in member states and associated countries ECHoS will create the conditions for organized stakeholders and individual citizens to collaborate and engage in policy dialogues. The implementation of the Cancer Mission objectives will promote more resilient and people-centric healthcare and research systems. ECHoS will produce (i) general models and guidelines for the creation of sustainable NCMHs, (ii) a knowledge exchange programme to support development of NCMHs competences, (iii) impact models and training sets to help efficiently engaging with distinct stakeholders, (iv) a toolkit for synergies to help NCMH engaging in collaborative work with individual European Initiatives, (v) a business continuity model envisaging long-term sustainability of a EU network of NCMHs and (vi) a calendar of events to create awareness on NCMHs and to help closing the gap in citizens’ participation in cancer policy. In summary, ECHoS will create conditions for NCMHs to be Mission Cancer advocates in MS/AC and set the pace for the development of a transnational network of NCMHs in a second phase.