Football clubs are often at the heart of their communities. This makes them well-placed to act as catalysts for social inclusion and to provide a sense of belonging to refugees and people seeking asylum (Dukic et al., 2017). Furthermore, the relationship between local clubs and the neighbourhood spaces that they inhabit creates opportunities for the reclamation of urban space for inclusive sports activities. Drawing on my PhD research in two Italian cities, this Fellowship will focus on improving policy and practice in relation to sport, space and inclusion. In Italy and across Europe, hundreds of local football clubs aim to engage and include people from a forced migration background through projects such as Football Welcomes (led by Amnesty International) and FIRE (Football Including Refugees, funded by Erasmus+). Through a practitioner guide, multimedia website and programme of engagement, I will offer evidence-based recommendations for improving practice and making grassroots teams more effective at supporting refugees to feel connected to their new communities. At a policy level, efforts will be focused on opportunities for mapping access to public spaces to encourage social inclusion through sport. This is a central priority of the Fare network (supported by the European Commission, UEFA and FIFA), and dissemination of my research findings through network building and a policy clinic will have potential to inform policy on this theme at both local authority and international NGO level. A core challenge that the Fellowship seeks to address is the underrepresentation of people from forced migration backgrounds in leadership roles in football projects. Without this level of participation, there is the risk that these projects reproduce the idea of refugees as people in need and at the receiving end of the activists' care (Spaaij et al., 2019). A civic hackathon will bring together practitioners, policymakers, people with lived expertise and academics to generate co-created solutions to this challenge. In addition to my existing research, a new photovoice project will provide insights on the role of grassroots football in creating senses of belonging to local spaces. Specifically, the project will engage young people from ethnic minority backgrounds who are involved in the local grassroots team, and ask them to photograph spaces in their neighbourhood where they feel at home. Participants will be fully involved in the development and implementation of the project. The photographs will be exhibited locally and on the project website, amplifying the voices of the participants and highlighting the potential for urban spaces to provide concrete forms of local belonging to categories of people excluded from the national imagination (Allon, 2013). The project will build on my research findings regarding football and "right to the city" - a concept advanced by Lefebvre (1996) to suggest that claims over urban spaces do not come from the recognition of formal citizenship, but from the inhabitance and everyday use of the space. On a professional level, the Fellowship will help me to firmly establish my area of research expertise through dissemination to the academic community. Two REF-returnable journal articles will allow me to initiate a publications track record, while two conference papers will allow for network building and the opportunity to identify potential future collaborations. I will also strengthen my skills in participatory and creative methodologies through delivering the photovoice project and undertaking training in GIS. This will support my career trajectory in engaged action research and allow me to develop a research proposal incorporating participatory community mapping; a method that will further cement my expertise in sport, space and inclusion.

RESEARCH CONTEXT\n\nThis research will progress cross-discipline activity between 3D weave design and engineering composites. The research focuses on the development of structural, load-bearing patterned design materials with a view to develop future sustainable solutions. It uses cellulose-based yarns and impregnates using recognised epoxies and new plant-derived oil-based resin systems to create new textile composite materials. The research is truly co-dependent in nature. Using 3D woven fabric as the lynchpin, the research combines aesthetic considerations within design with technical engineering approaches to create demonstrator samples. It specifies the necessary resources and methods required to design, weave and process the new composite materials. It intends to redirect the exclusivity of woven composite fabrics from niche market, stringent aerospace applications into less demanding yet accessible every-day design applications for public use. \n\nAIMS AND OBJECTIVES\n\n1) Weave Design 1: To design, produce & demonstrate that a range of 3D and multiple layer reinforced woven preforms can combine technical load-bearing properties with aesthetic design characteristics and be produced using both Dobby and Jacquard Weaving technologies, taking into account the constraints and parameters recommended by composite assigners\n\n2) Weave Design 2: To create attractive, dynamic composite preforms by integrating a range of aesthetic patterns, geometries and figurative imagery to the fabric surface through Dobby and Jacquard weaving, or applying digital print to the surface \n\n3) Resin Processing: To mould and impregnate fabrics using resin transfer moulding (RTM) and infusion techniques into modular composite parts. To optimise resin impregnation processes for 3D natural fibre woven fabrics with thermosetting epoxy and plant-derived liquid bio-resin. Also to draw comparisons between resin types in terms of compatibility with the fabric article and processing methods chosen.\n\n4) Material Testing: To establish initial mechanical properties for load-bearing natural fibre composites under laboratory test conditions \n\n5) Project: To liaise with project contributors to meet milestone objectives and produce stated deliverables and publications on conclusion of project\n\n6) Profile: To raise overall cross-discipline profile of textile composites for design by providing key demonstrator samples that reflect the main capabilities of eco-composites, and to filter these through appropriate networks for further debate.\n\nPOTENTIAL APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS\nApplications: \nInterior, moulded textile composite parts for use with tubular steel/aluminium frameworks for public seating, wall partitions, panels and fascias. Composite parts will available in variety of dimensions, with flat and basic curvature configurations. Weight range: 1200-2800 g/m2. Shared seating/ bench-styles are envisaged. Permanent fixing achieved through slot and slide apertures, or mechanical bracket/bolt system to steel frame. Steel/metal frames and edgings will enable quality finish at edges.\n\nAdded Benefits:\n1) Performance advantages: By producing load-bearing materials that can compete in strength, reinforcement and appearance, proving structural superiority and versatility in comparison to the vast range of cosmetic laminates \n2) Improved Design Appearance: From colourless, bland materials to contemporary, dynamic, patterned composite surfaces with built-in strength\n3) Eco-Design: the need for far-reaching, combined involvement of agriculture, design and plastics engineering to produce an environmentally conscious, safe disposal material for the design community. \n4) Corporate Branding: Woven and printed patterning enables brand logos and corporate styling to be integrated into the core design of the material at the pre-processing stage. (E.g. Gucci integrated into designer walls, or maps could be printed on seating to provide both chair and signpost).

The English were the largest group of emigrants in the British World and one of the largest European groups in the US. Yet while they settled alongside the Scots, Irish and other migrant groups who powerfully exerted ethnic awareness, the English are not ascribed the attributes of ethnicity associated with other immigrant groups. The idea that the English may have been 'ethnic' in the way the Irish or Scots were, is overlooked, ignored or imagined to be false. In short, there is little acknowledgement of an 'English diaspora'. This research, therefore, will uncover the hidden English Diaspora in North America between 1760 and 1950, when expatriate culture was strong and vibrant and the written record is rich. \n\nDrawing upon hitherto un-used historical archives, and by employing a transnational perspective that connects the US, Canada and England, the project will explore English immigrant community life, particularly English associational culture, and the wider political and cultural impact of English identity in North America. A select number of case study locations in Canada and the US have been chosen for this comparative exercise, namely New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Charleston, Toronto and Ottawa. This new comparative focus is particularly crucial to advance knowledge on how English ethnicity and culture interacted with and between republican and imperial contexts.\n\nThe proposed project's overall aim is to offer an original reading of English ethnicity in North America within a transnational perspective. The objectives are to analyse the emergence, development and anatomy of English associationalism; to investigate English literary, folk and political cultures; and to explore how the formation of ethnic identities in North America contributed to a shared transatlantic identity, and influenced concomitant developments in England. The latter component of the proposed project, together with the PhD student's UK-centred research into the post-1900 period, will also throw light on current debates in UK identity politics and Englishness. At a deeper level, our questioning of the neglect of the English permits consideration of what might be learned from studying ethnic communities generally, and how ethnic groups, through the expression of their identity and culture, contributed to the making of their respective new worlds.\n\nA wide group of academics and non-academics will benefit from the research, which offers a knowledge-shaping new approach to the transnational study of English immigrant community life and ethnicity. The core monograph and articles will make a major and original contribution to knowledge. The edited collection on ethnic culture and politics will present a wide-ranging series of multidisciplinary accounts which we hope will tap audiences beyond the historical community. The conference will bring together presenters from a wider geographical range than our project covers. The mapping of English associational life and activities is of great significance, offering new insights into the English immigrant community to those working in migration and diaspora history, but also social, cultural and economic history, opening new avenues for wider comparative research. The data mined will also be of great interest to genealogists, expatriate communities and folk groups as it relates to their immediate life experience. In view of the study's second strand, politics and identities, the findings will benefit policymakers, informing contemporary debates on Englishness in the UK. Several public events will extend considerably beyond the academy. The material gathered throughout the project, some of which will be showcased online, and the various published outputs, will become standards for courses/modules on English migration, American immigration, ethnicity in North America, and English ethnic culture.

Ireland possesses one of the richest and most extensive vernacular literatures in the medieval world stretching back as far as the sixth century, comprising both secular and religious material and an unparalleled body of narrative tales. The primary tool for students and scholars of medieval Irish literature has been the Royal Irish Academy's Dictionary of the Irish Language based mainly on Old and Middle Irish, which was published as 23 separate fascicles between 1913 and 1976. It is the most authoritative and comprehensive dictionary of Irish, containing 43,110 entries, and is widely considered of immense importance to Celtic and medieval Irish scholarship. \n\nStaff at the University of Ulster have been working on a digital edition of the original dictionary since 2003 and work is due to be completed in March 2007. This eagerly awaited edition represents a real advance for Irish scholarship as the paper Dictionary is notoriously difficult to use owing to the complex nature of Old and Middle Irish language and its non-standard spelling systems. The team now proposes to bring the text of the electronic Dictionary up to date by incorporating scholarly corrections and additions published since the first fascicles appeared. \n\nA thorough revision of the dictionary is impractical at this time and could take up to fifty years to complete. Therefore, the proposed project will adopt a simpler, less exhaustive approach. It will gather revisions and additions published over the last seventy years by other scholars in journals and published editions of texts. They will then enter corrections, additions and further references into the digital text, producing an edition which is current and fit for purpose for twenty-first century scholarship. \n\nRevisions will be published online as a supplement to the existing electronic dictionary as work progresses so that the results of the project will be immediately available to scholars. A feedback function will allow interested users to enter comments on both revised and unrevised entries so that they can contribute to a more comprehensive and authoritative final edition. At the conclusion of the project, all revisions will appear as a separate hard-copy supplement to the Dictionary as a permanent record of the project's work.\n\nBy combining the functionality and versatility of the electronic dictionary with the latest research into early Irish lexicography, the revised edition will be an indispensable tool to scholars working in all areas associated with medieval Ireland including linguists, historians, textual scholars, archaeologists, folklorists, Indo-Europeanists, and scholars of comparative literature and religion. The revised Dictionary will be particularly useful to non-specialists and academics from allied fields who may not be fully acquainted with scholarly advances in Irish lexicography. Even specialists in early Irish language and literature will probably not have exhaustive annotations in their own dictionaries and this revised edition will provide them with ready access to a comprehensive and current lexicon of medieval Irish.\n

Context of proposed activites\n\nNorthern Ireland has been constructed and represented by our collecting institutions is an important and valuable subject and one that will raise questions about the purpose of museums and galleries. These workshops will investigate the ideological foundations of our museums and their collections. They will investigate how Northern Ireland identity was constructed and represented through these collections. It will then use this knowledge to consider the nature of our institutions in the contemporary context.\n\nAims and objectives\n\n1. To acknowledge and explore the impact collections have on understanding and \n constructing place.\n2. To interrogate the idea of Northern Ireland constructed and embedded through\n museums and collections.\n3. To examine the role of collections in the representation of contemporary Northern \n Ireland\n\nWider significance and benefits\n\nFor a number of reasons, these workshops of this nature are especially pertinenty for Northern Ireland at this time. In the first place, the management of heritage and museum services in Northern Ireland is currently being reconsidered through the Review of Public Administration. Secondly, during 2006-8 the Ulster Museum will be closed for refurbishment and redisplay. This is the most significant redisplay in the history of the museums and therefore an ideal opportunity then to evaluate the public service. Finally, there has been a growth in Northern Ireland of collecting activity amongst community groups, who are attempting to represent their own histories and experiences through collections and exhibitions. These workshops will be an opportunity to actually evaluate this activity and ask questions about its role in the representation of Northern Ireland. These three points make this an ideal time to discuss how our museum collections represent Northern Ireland.\n\nAs well as being an important topic for historical reviewa nd critique, contemporary approaches to museums and galleries have made this an essential topic for further investigations. Reports arising from the museum and cultural sectors that consider issues such as inclusion (GLLAM 2000), social justice (Scottish Museums Council 1999), tolerance and democracy (CLMG 2005) are particularly pertinent in the Northern Ireland context and need to be discussed in relation to how we should plan for our museums. It is essential that we consider the relevance of our established collections within the context of this new thinking about museums. Furthermore, we must also debate how we might add to our collections to better represent the diversity of identities and interpretations of place that exist in contemporary Northern Ireland.