Recently, the applicant reported the preparation and characterisation of Ba2CoS3, the first compound containing Co2+ to show one-dimensional corner connectivity between Co-S tetrahedra. Ba2CoS3 is also the first 2-1-3 sulphide to show conducting-like behaviour and only the second example of a one-dimensional sulphide with negative magnetoresistance. The work proposed here is based on cationic substitutions on the Ba2+ and the Co2+ sites of Ba2CoS3. This research will lead to the preparation of new series of one-dimensional sulphides structurally and chemically related to Ba2CoS3. The variation of structural and physical properties of these analogues will be characterised and the main emphasis placed on the transport properties, in order to pipoint the compositions, which show a more negative magnetoresistance, compared to Ba2CoS3.This proposal is based on well established synthetic and analytical methodologies but it also includes some adventurous objectives, for example aliovalent substitutions on the Ba2+ crystallographic site. The team involved includes scientists with a wide range of expertises complementing each others and therefore offering a comprehensive study of an exciting class of non-oxide compounds.

Estuarine and coastal cities are acutely vulnerable in the face of climate uncertainty. 40% of the world's population lives within 100km of the sea and coastal populations are directly at risk from rising sea levels and the combined effects of storm surges, fluvial flood risk and increased rainfall. Society needs greater resilience at the local, national and global scale: estuarine communities and businesses must learn to 'live with water' in an uncertain future. Yet engaging diverse communities with water challenges is a significant problem for agencies and governments, with the most vulnerable in societies often the least well informed about resilience actions. Here we bring innovative arts and heritage solutions to bear on the problem of engaging these communities with flood risk and building resilience in one flood-prone city, Kingston upon Hull, UK. Hull is recognised globally for its vulnerability to flooding in the face of rising sea levels. It is one of five global cities selected to participate in the Rockefeller Foundation's and Arup's City Water Resilience Framework development programme. Yet international awareness of Hull's future flood risk finds little reflection in local communities. And this despite serious flood events in 2007, 2013 and 2015, as well as an 800-year history of living with water challenges in the city. Hull's excellent archival records and literary and dramatic works - combined with the University's expertise in flood science and modelling, environmental histories and literature, community engagement and cultural sector evaluation - offer unrivalled opportunities to explore histories of risk and resilience in the city and surrounding area. In this project, we develop research-informed learning histories to build resilience for the future, with the ambition of leveraging a year-on-year improvement in resilience to flood risks and uptake of resilience actions in and around Hull. Working alongside arts partners and practitioners, flood agencies, young people and local communities - who will contribute to the co-production of research agendas as well as academic and policy-relevant outputs - we employ these learning histories in community-based arts and heritage interventions and large scale productions by national arts organisations including Absolutely Cultured and the National Youth Theatre (NYT). Supported by three artists in residence, our research addresses three thematic clusters of questions (specified in the Objectives and CFS), and the research outcomes both inform and are in turn shaped by the engagement activities planned for the project. The substantial collaborations agreed with project partners leverage significant wider reach for our ambitious arts and heritage programme (see PTIs). Using a combination of social science methodologies and participatory tools for arts evaluation co-designed with community and youth groups, we interrogate the effectiveness of arts and heritage interventions to raise climate awareness and deliver an uptake in practical resilience actions, evaluating models for engagement and developing best practice that can be applied nationally and globally. In doing so, we aim to improve climate change awareness and flood resilience in risky cities in the UK and beyond. Outputs from the project include: a programme of combined arts and heritage engagement in schools, community and youth groups in 'at risk' wards; a flood festival; high profile, city centre artistic productions informed by our learning histories and created by community and youth groups in collaboration with national arts organisations, the NYT and Absolutely Cultured; a sound walk; articles in major international and interdisciplinary journals, some of them co-authored with arts practitioners and community members; a policy report and associated public policy brief launched at Westminster; a short film; a workshop; and a public facing website hosting podcasts, blogs and teaching materials.

Project ThaiPASS (Thai-UK Python+Astronomy Summer School) is a human-capacity building STEM outreach project proposed jointly by the E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics (University of Hull, UK) and the Institute of Fundamental Study (Naresuan University, Thailand), with partnership from the National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (NARIT). Each ThaiPASS is a full-board summer school aimed at Thai secondary school students age around 16-18. Students will receive training in scientific computing in Python, one of the fastest growing open-source programming languages and one of the most desirable from an employability perspective. Students will learn to use Python to handle data via the medium of astronomy, which is one of the most inspiring and high-impact STEM enablers. Over a 5-day course, professional astronomers from the UK will guide students through a series of lectures and hands-on tasks involving handling astronomical data and producing visual output such as astronomical images and videos. Students will leave the summer school with a new perspective on the role of data science in modern reserach, and will be inspired to continue to learn coding beyond the scope and time-scale of the summer school. The summer school will also include a "university and career" day to inform students on how STEM subjects can be taken further at university level and as a career. The ThaiPASS project will address many of the challenges in science and ICT education in Thailand, which has fallen far behind other countries emerging out of the middle-income trap. At ThaiPASS, we will bring STFC-funded science to new audiences who may not have the opportunity to access such training otherwise. The skills developed at ThaiPASS are current, relevant and easily transferable to a wide range of industrial and academic applications. The UK team from Hull particularly understand the importance of high-quality STEM outreach: Hull is one of the most impoverished cities in the UK with a large proportion of under-performing schools. However, through our previous outreach work (over 150 science outreach events in the past 3 years, mostly in Hull and the Yorkshire region), we have witnessed first-hand the positive transformation STEM education can make for young people who might not have otherwise considered taking up science at University and as a career. In recent years, Thailand has established itself as an emerging player in astrophysics research thanks to a new generation of internationally recognised researchers at NARIT, Naresuan. Chulalongkorn, Suranaree etc. Investment in the ThaiPASS project will be a small but significant step towards forging a strong and lasting Thai-UK synergy, which can easily spin off into future collaborations in astrophysics research and further outreach activities.

Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.

The foundations of a discipline shape the way in which knowledge is created, by whom, for what, and dictate who is allowed to generate knowledge. Geoscience as an academic pursuit was born from colonialism, allowing for Western knowledge and scientists to dominate the discipline. This manifests in a number ways. In the Global North, there is a lack of diversity in those who pursue geoscience research, and marginalised researchers struggle to access quality mentorship, funding, networks and opportunities. They are more likely to be prevented from career progression and development and ultimately, leave their geoscience careers. . However, the Global North dominates geoscience knowledge production. Geoscience publications regardless of the country in which the study is based, are mainly authored by scientists in the Global North and men from the Global North are disproportionately awarded Society honours and medals. The end result being that geoscience research is created by and for a small subset of the global population (white, cisgender, straight, able-bodied men in the USA, UK and Europe). Geoscience research is essential to solving society's grand challenges. These global challenges require global solutions. Much geoscience research relies on funding to access analytical facilities to create the most fundamental datasets. During the 2021 NERC Digital Sprint we investigated inequities (in the UK and globally) in access to these facilities and the creation of and publication of analytical geoscience research. An analysis of a global database of geochemical research (PetDB) found that the USA, UK and Europe produced the largest research output, but predominantly on samples from other countries. Less than 30% of this research involved local researchers. We conclude that parachute science is observed in igneous geochemistry and leads to inequities in published research in this field. In this project we will expand this analysis to all global geochemical databases. We infer that this is an issue in the broader field of analytical geoscience. An online survey of geoscience researchers identified an 'access gap' to analytical facilities. We reveal that some groups have preferential access to analytical facilities and associated funding and that those with minority identities in the UK and those from the Global South are more likely to be excluded from access to analytical facilities. The 'analytical facilities access gap' disproportionately affects both minority researchers in the UK and those in the Global South, and it goes on to negatively affect success and retention in research impacting diversity in geoscience. In this project we will expand the reach of our online survey to include a larger, international sample size. Our proposed digital technology solution to this EDI problem is an online collaborative research platform that aims to reduce inequities in geoscience research by closing the identified 'access gap' in analytical geoscience research. GeoCoLab 'match-makes' underserved Geoscience researchers (e.g. unfunded ECRs; minority researchers; those from the Global South) who need access to analytical services, with Collaborating Laboratory facilities who have agreed to offer a quota of pro-bono services. We will develop this platform with project partner the British Geological Survey. We will partner with UK analytical facilities, enabling those facilities to meet their own EDI strategic aims and opening new global collaborations. GeoCoLab will lead to better support for currently underserved researchers, more equitable practises, greater representation of minority and Global South researchers in analytically-based geoscience publications, thus leading to better retention and recognition of historically excluded groups. Keywords: analytical geoscience; Online collaborative platforms, open science, equitable partnerships, software development, analytical facilities,