This project responds to the current crisis of sexual violence, abuse, and harassment in schools in England specifically pertaining to the relationship between schools and the police in responding to and preventing what is typically termed 'harmful sexual behaviours' (HSB) among young people in schools. Presently, it is apparent that police have a role to play in tackling HSB in schools but there is a lack of guidance on best practice for the nature of the relationship they should have with schools. The proposed project will draw upon and consolidate the local partnership between academics, Surrey police, a network of Surrey schools, and other policy and practice stakeholders. It will directly address a key policing priority - the prevention of and response to HSB in schools - with transferable value for other local education authorities and police forces and national stakeholders. Specifically, the project will develop a framework for the relationship between police and schools in preventing and responding to HSB in schools. The framework will address the extent to which and how the police should be involved in responding to and preventing HSB in schools and how the police can work most effectively in and with schools. It builds on a review of evidence about HSB in schools, completed by the project team in March 2022 for the Department for Education (DfE), which identified that HSB is a cultural issue spanning a continuum of behaviours that vary in their harmfulness and (il)legality and must be understood as distinct from 'healthy' or 'normative' adolescent sexual development. The framework will be co-designed with stakeholders through four distinct but complementary strands of stakeholder engagement, knowledge exchange, and best practice development in partnership with schools, police, and local and national organisations and bodies concerned with the prevention of violence against women and girls. It is specifically designed to foster and expand the connections between these stakeholders and develop the partnership between Surrey police, academics, and other stakeholders. The Evidence-Based Policing team at Surrey Police will oversee and lead the project from the policing side of the partnership. The stands include: 1. A review and collection of data within Surrey Police, including interviews with staff, and a review of available data, policy documents, and educational materials and resources. 2. A review of data recently collected via a survey of the network of Surrey schools about their experiences of police involvement in HSB involving pupils, along with more in-depth data collection within one school in the network involving a review of incident data, policies, procedures, and educational materials, interviews with teachers, observations of interventions, and discussion groups with pupils. 3. A set of three stakeholder engagement sessions, involving Surrey police and Surrey schools along with Violence Against Women and Girls Coalition members and local and national policy and practice stakeholders. These sessions will include a seminar and two workshops for knowledge exchange and framework development based on the findings from strands 1 and 2. 4. An in-person launch event of the co-designed framework whereby stakeholders will co-identify areas for future research and policy and practice development and evaluation. The purposes of the work strands are, first, to identify the needs, priorities, and challenges from the perspective of local stakeholders (including young people, educators, and police) via strands 1 and 2; and second, to co-design the adaptable framework for the police-school relationship based on the different perspectives. The work strands will be designed to collaboratively and constructively include the different perspectives and will seek to bridge gaps between academia, practice and policy.

AP4L is a 3-year program of interdisciplinary research, centring on the online privacy & vulnerability challenges that people face when going through major life transitions. Our central goal is to develop privacy-by-design technologies to protect & empower people during these transitions. Our work is driven by a narrative that will be familiar to most people. Life often "just happens", leading people to overlook their core privacy and online safety needs. For instance, somebody undergoing cancer treatment may be less likely to finesse their privacy setting on social media when discussing the topic. Similarly, an individual undergoing gender transition may be unaware of how their online activities in the past may shape the treatment into the future. This project will build the scientific and theoretical foundations to explore these challenges, as well as design and evaluate three core innovations that will address the identified challenges. AP4L will introduce a step-change, making online safety and privacy as painless and seamless as possible during life transitions To ensure a breadth of understanding, we will apply these concepts to four very different transitions through a series of carefully designed co-creation activities, devised as part of a stakeholder workshop held in Oct'21. These are relationship breakdowns; LBGT+ transitions or transitioning gender; entering/ leaving employment in the Armed Forces; and developing a serious illness or becoming terminally ill. Such transitions can significantly change privacy considerations in unanticipated or counter-intuitive ways. For example, previously enabled location-sharing with a partner may lead to stalking after a breakup; 'coming out' may need careful management across diverse audiences (e.g - friends, grandparents) on social media. We will study these transitions, following a creative security approach, bringing together interdisciplinary expertise in Computer Science, Law, Business, Psychology and Criminology. We will systematise this knowledge, and develop fundamental models of the nature of transitions and their interplay with online lives. These models will inform the development of a suite of technologies and solutions that will help people navigate significant life transitions through adaptive, personalised privacy-enhanced interventions that meet the needs of each individual and bolster their resilience, autonomy, competence and connection. The suite will comprise: (1) "Risk Playgrounds", which will build resilience by helping users to explore potentially risky interactions of life transitions with privacy settings across their digital footprint in safe ways (2) "Transition Guardians", which will provide real-time protection for users during life transitions. (3) "Security Bubbles", which will promote connection by bringing people together who can help each other (or who need to work together) during one person's life transition, whilst providing additional guarantees to safeguard everyone involved. In achieving this vision, and as evidenced by £686K of in-kind contributions, we will work with 26 core partners spanning legal enforcement agencies (e.g., Surrey Police), tech companies (e.g., Facebook, IBM), support networks (e.g., LGBT Foundation, Revenge Porn Helpline) and associated organisations (e.g., Ofcom, Mastercard, BBC). Impact will be delivered through various activities including a specially commissioned BBC series on online life transitions to share knowledge with the public; use of the outputs of our projects by companies & social platforms (e.g., by incorporating into their products, & by designing their products to take into consideration the findings of our project) & targeted workshops to enable knowledge exchange with partners & stakeholders.