Sanitation in urban Mumbai is more than just a matter of building and maintaining infrastructure like toilets; it is a complex interaction of social practices, policies, and identity formation. This study investigates how historically situated and discursively produced notions of health, hygiene and modernity are crystallised into sanitation policies and come to legitimise specific 'governing rationalities.'

The project will involve various questions about the topological Hochschild homology of commutative ring spectra and their relationship with algebraic K-theory, building on the results used by Burklund, Hahn, Levy and Schlank in their recent disproof of Ravenel's Telescope Conjecture. In particular, those authors prove various results about truncated Brown-Peterson spectra, and we hope to prove results about other spectra that are analogous but more precise.

Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils. For information on current funding routes, see the common terminology at https://www.ukri.org/apply-for-funding/how-we-fund-studentships/. Training grants may be to one organisation or to a consortia of research organisations. This portal will show the lead organisation only.

Johnson-Matthey (JM) has invested heavily in Hydrogen Technologies e.g., in the area of Fuel Cells and Green Hydrogen. This project will aim to provide fundamental understanding of the complex interactions between critical polymers, solvent and active particles that are used in fuel cells and green hydrogen formulations. A typical formulation can be composed of active precious metal supported carbon and/or metal oxide particles, solvent-types (aqueous and non-aqueous) in the presence of conducting polymers (polyelectrolytes), as well as non-ionic types. Polymers also exhibit rheology modifying properties and, in the case of associative polymers, act as structuring agents when they adsorb onto the particle surface. Advancing the fundamental understanding of polymer behaviour in such systems and their interactions with the other formulation components is expected to be critical for the successful development of next-generation formulations and directly applicable to coating processes and the performance of the application e.g., fuel cell.

Children growing up in lower socioeconomic circumstances (SEC) display reduced educational outcomes in comparison to their more advantaged peers. SEC refers to an individual?s or family?s educational level, occupation, resources and household income in relation to others within society (Ginsborg, 2006). SEC related achievement gaps are evident throughout educational stages (Department for Education, 2022) and perpetuate the high levels of social inequality in the UK (Social Mobility Commission, 2023). These disparities are thought to begin prior to school entry, due to differences in the development of core cognitive skills known as executive functions (EF). EFs are domain general fundamental cognitive abilities such as: working memory, attention and self-regulation (Blakey et al., 2020). These skills are essential for school readiness, providing children with foundational skills for learning (Blair & Raver, 2015). EFs have been shown to be impacted by SEC therefore, early disparities EFs are thought to initiate achievement gaps in early childhood (Raver et al., 2013). Prior to school entry, parent-child interactions are a fundamental space for learning and development; therefore, it is likely that differences in parenting behaviours are a key pathway through which differences in the development of EFs emerge (Fay-Stammbach, Hawes & Meredith 2014). However, research examining parenting behaviours in relation to the development of EFs has primarily focussed on a broad construct of ?sensitive caregiving? which incorporates a wide variety of behaviours (Ku & Blair, 2023), limiting understanding of the specific pathways through which EFs may develop. The proposed study aims to understand how specific behaviours during parent-child interaction are associated with SEC and development of EFs; examining whether certain behaviours act as buffers to the impact of social inequality. This project aims to provide an in-depth understanding of early parent-child interactions, a key space for the development of EFs and a useful platform for future interventions to mitigate social inequality.