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Хазард од клизишта у Србији у 21. веку
handle: 21.15107/rcub_dais_9158
In recent years, Serbia has been vulnerable to natural hazards, particularly floods, torrential floods and landslides. Landslides are one of the main geological hazards in Serbia (according to the international classification). Existing landslides or areas prone to landslides are covering more than 16% of the Serbian territory (according to a rough estimation and published scientific research). Depending on the type of movement more common types are slides, flows and falls. According to the type of material involved there are all types of material: rocks, debris, and earth-soil. Landslides can be caused by one or more factors of which morphological, geological and engineering geological are main causal factors. Geomorphological terrain characteristics, further to lithological are their composition have a significant influence on the occurrence of instabilities. The most landslides in Serbia are triggered by precipitation – rainfall and snowmelt, or a combination of the two. Landslide risk assessment unfolds gradually, starting from the appropriate inventory, selection of conditioning and triggering factors, landslide susceptibility or hazard assessment, mapping elements at risk, and landslide vulnerability assessment. All these segments and their techniques depend on the choice of working scale, complexity of the case, i.e. the type of the landslide phenomena and the purpose of analysis. According to the Fifth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, an increase in the frequency and the intensity of extreme rainfall is expected in the south-eastern Europe. Among different impacts, this increase might result in a variation in the frequency and the spatial distribution of rainfall-induced landslides (landslide hazard). The influence of climate variables (precipitation) and its variations on landslide hazard should be analyzed by taking into account the Serbian National Climate Scenario Models up to 2100.
У раду су приказани основни појмови везани са процес клижења и појаву клизишта као савременог геодинамичког процеса, али и као природног, геолошког хазарда. Основе процене хазарда и ризика од клизишта приказане су у складу с најсавременијом теоријом и праксом у свету, на примерима који илуструју поједине методе процене из наше земље и региона. Потом је разматран могући утицај промена климатских параметара на стабилност терена и хазард од клизишта у смислу прогнозираних регионалних/локалних, дугорочних/краткорочних и директних/индиректних могућих последица, имајући у виду национални модел промене параметара климе. Резултати процене подложности на клижење за садашње стање у терену, а потом уз увођење у модел процене и промене климатских параметара по националном моделу до 2070. године, дати су на примеру Западне Србије. С обзиром на комплексност и актуелност проблематике, поједине слике у раду су биле предмет скоријих публикација и јавних презентација.
Циклус предавања / Српска академија наука и уметности ; књ. 5
клизишта, хазард од клизишта, landslides, climate change, landslide hazard, промене климе
клизишта, хазард од клизишта, landslides, climate change, landslide hazard, промене климе
