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LUTPub
2016
Data sources: LUTPub
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Puupolttoaineen varastonhallinta- ja hankintamalli

Authors: Valkeinen, Niko;

Puupolttoaineen varastonhallinta- ja hankintamalli

Abstract

Työssä luodaan energiapuun varastonhallintamalli ja hankintamalli energiantuotantolaitoksen näkökulmasta sekä kuvataan kustannustehokkaita ja toimitusvarmoja vaihtoehtoja puupolttoaineen varastoinnille ja haketukselle. Varastonhallintamallissa keskitytään varastotason hallintamenetelmiin toimintaympäristössään. Hankintamalli määrittää oman varaston ja suoran laitostoimituksen suhteen sekä auttaa pohtimaan strategisen hankinnan merkitystä hankinnan toteuttamiseen ja hankintakanavien valintaan. Työ antaa vastauksia koko hankintatoiminnan toteutukseen ja hallitsemiseen. Varastonhallintamallin skenaariotarkastelussa selvisi, että yrityksen oma varasto vaatii 18 – 37 % varmuusvaraston suhteessa käyttövarastoon. Hankintamallin mukaan oman varaston kannattavimman puupolttoainejakeen hankintaetäisyys voisi olla keskimäärin korkeintaan 96 km. Tarpeen, saatavuuden, jakeiden kustannustasojen ja toimintaympäristön mahdollisuuksien ollessa selvillä, on mahdollista tehdä päätöksiä hankintakanavista ja varmuusvarastoista kustannustehokkuuden perusteella. Yrityksen polttoainemäärien ohjauksen toteutukseen vaaditaan kehittämistoimia. Oman toimintaympäristön vakiointi ja toimintamallien dokumentointi on tärkeää tiedonjaon, toimitussopimusten mitoittamisen ja toiminnan kehittämisen kannalta. Toiminnan pullonkaulojen vähentäminen ja puupolttoaineen ohjaaminen kustannustehokkaimpien haketusketjujen kautta mahdollisimman tehokkaasti synnyttävät kustannussäästöjä toimitusketjussa. The thesis creates inventory management and procurement model for forest fuel at power plant point of view as well as describes cost-effectivity and reliability of delivery alternatives for forest fuel storing and chipping. The inventory management model focuses on inventory management methods in its operational environment. The procurement model determines the ratio between roadside delivery and straight plant delivery ratio for forest fuel as well as helps to consider the meaning of strategic procurement for procurement execution and selection of procurement channels. The thesis gives answers to execution and management of procurement as a whole. The inventory management scenario analysis points out that company’s own inventory needs 18 – 37 % safety stock compared to cycle stock. According to the procurement model the most profitable forest fuel purchasing distance could, on average, 96 kilometers at the highest. After the need, availability, fuel cost levels and working environment is clear, it is possible to make decisions about procurement channels and safety stock levels based on cost effectiveness. The implementation of company’s forest fuels steering needs developing. Standardization of own operation environment and documentation of operation models is crucial for information sharing, measuring supply contracts and developing operation. Reducing operation bottle necks and steering forest fuel through more cost effective chipping chain as effectively as possible creates cost saving in the supply chain.

Country
Finland
Keywords

energy wood, energiapuu, strategic procurement, inventory management model, biopolttoaine, varastonohjaus, puupolttoaine, bioenergy, procurement model, Energia / Energy, varastonhallintamalli, Liiketalous / Business economics, strateginen hankinta, hankintamalli, forest fuel

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