Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy
Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy
This report is about forests that provide a substantial contribution to mitigation in Romania by sequestering carbon, helping to counter carbon emissions from other sectors in the economy. Sustainable forest management is challenged by fragmented ownership and insufficient financial resources in particular. A summary of key existing analytic studies, and the construction of a marginal abatement cost curve for mitigation actions in the forestry sector, was the basis for identifying key adaptation and mitigation measures for Romania’s forests. In addition to the national and international analytic exercises, a marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) was estimated for three measures: afforestation, sustainable management of protection forests, and sustainable management of production forests. The key findings were as follows: (i) analysis of adaptation needs and mitigation possibilities found that forestry could provide cost-efficient abatement for Romania; and (ii) financing needs for the three priority measures, afforestation, sustainable management of protection forests, and sustainable management of production forests were evaluated. The conclusions and recommendations were as follows: (i) recommendations stress the importance of sustainable forest management for Romania and the European Union's (EU) desirability to move rapidly towards defining the rules for Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) based mitigation within its 2030 framework; (ii) policy measures that mitigate climate change and contribute to growth are critical, as is capacity building; and (iii) a greener path for forests will require additional public spending.
- World Bank United States
- World Bank United States
INDICATORS, HIGH ENERGY INTENSITY, FUEL EMISSION, CROP VARIETIES, CLEAN AIR, INVESTMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE, POLICY INSTRUMENT, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS, SOLID FUELS, UNCERTAINTIES, RESTRICTIONS, CONGESTION, TRIPS, WATER, GOVERNANCE LEVELS, RENEWABLE ENERGY, INVESTMENTS, POWER GENERATION CAPACITY, INCENTIVES, POLICY PROCESS, TOTAL EMISSIONS, GENERATION CAPACITY, CLIMATE DAMAGE, ABSOLUTE LEVEL OF EMISSIONS, ABATEMENT, FOREST STANDS, FARMERS, ENERGY MARKETS, CARBON ABATEMENT, CLEANER, RAIL SECTOR, HYDROPOWER, MODELS, SUBSIDIES, SUGAR, MARKETS, FOREST MANAGEMENT, DEMAND FOR ENERGY, AUCTION, PRICES, YIELDS, EVALUATION, TOTAL COSTS, METHANE EMISSIONS, FUEL TAX, PRIMARY ENERGY, LOW-CARBON, ENERGY POLICIES, RAINFED AREAS, EMISSION COEFFICIENTS, IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE, TRANSPORT EXTERNALITIES, EMISSIONS MITIGATION, ENVIRONMENTAL, SPRAWL, DISCOUNT RATE, TRADE, EQUILIBRIUM, LAND USES, FOSSIL FUEL, SUPPLY, POLICY TARGETS, BIODIVERSITY, ENERGY INTENSIVE, GROUNDWATER, DEMAND, FREE ALLOCATION, URBAN POPULATION, COSTS OF TRANSPORT, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, ECOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION, BIOMASS, CARBON, FERTILIZER APPLICATION, ENERGY INTENSITY, EMISSIONS FROM FUEL, PORTFOLIO, TRANSPORT SYSTEM, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS, ROADS, POLICY MAKING, IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE, ALLOWANCES, END-USE, AIR, NUCLEAR CAPACITY, IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY, PUBLIC VEHICLES, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM, PRECIPITATION, ROAD ACCIDENTS, EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT, REVENUE, DEGRADED LANDS, TREES, CO2, PRICE, LAND AREA, CLIMATE POLICY, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, WIND POWER RESOURCES, POWER, ENERGY SYSTEM, MODAL SHIFT, MARKET PLAYERS, PUBLIC FINANCE, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, FERTILIZER, ENERGY INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING, WOOD HARVESTING, CROPS, RAIL TRANSPORTATION, POLICY EVALUATION, FEEDBACK, URBAN CONGESTION, CONGESTION PRICING, PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT, EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICITY GENERATION, TRANSPORTATION, REVENUES, TRAFFIC CONGESTION, PRESENT VALUE, LAND USE PLANNING, FINANCIAL FLOWS, ACCOUNTABILITY, ROAD TRANSPORT, COMMERCIALIZATION, EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT, ALFALFA, ANNUAL COST, SUNFLOWER, ECONOMIC GROWTH, LEVEL OF EMISSIONS, BUDGET, TRAINING PROGRAMS, EMISSION ALLOWANCES, LOGGING, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, DRIVERS, AIRCRAFT, CYCLING, LAND USE, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, VEHICLE FLEET, VEHICLE, EMISSIONS REDUCTION, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, ORGANIC MATERIAL, DIESEL, OIL, CARBON PATH, OPTIONS, ALLOWANCE, LIGHTNING, NAVIGATION, SUPPLY COSTS, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, WALKING, MARGINAL COST, LOWER EMISSIONS, MARGINAL ABATEMENT, SOLID WASTE, ENERGY SUPPLY, POWER PLANTS, BENEFICIARY, EFFICIENT VEHICLES, ENGINE, ABATEMENT COSTS, LAND OWNERSHIP, FINANCE, FARMS, TIMBER, PETROLEUM REFINERIES, BUSES, TILLAGE, ENVIRONMENT, POLICY-MAKING, CLIMATE SCENARIOS, CROP, TRANSPORT POLICIES, FRAMEWORK, ATMOSPHERE, COMPOSTING, GAS PRICES, CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, HEATING SYSTEMS, IMPACT OF CLIMATE, STRUCTURES, ENERGY PRODUCTION, BEETS, DRIVING PATTERNS, WIND POWER, AGRICULTURE SECTOR, POWER SECTOR, FUEL, SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL, CAR TRIPS, ENERGY, COAL, PARTICULATE MATTER, DOMESTIC AVIATION, LESS, WOODY BIOMASS, COAL MINING, FOREST LAND OWNERSHIP, TREND, VALUE, EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS, NATURE CONSERVATION, NUCLEAR POWER, WATER FOR IRRIGATION, EMISSION REDUCTION, TAXES, CARBON ECONOMY, RURAL COMMUNITIES, CLIMATE RESILIENCE, GREENHOUSE GASES, LAND, ENERGY EMISSIONS, TRAINING, MARKET PRICE, HEATING ENERGY, PUBLIC POLICY, HEAT, IMPORTS, BUS, PUBLIC POLICIES, ABATEMENT POTENTIAL, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY, MANURE, ABATEMENT MEASURES, NATIONAL POLICIES, DEGRADATION, ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES, CLIMATE ACTION, CROP YIELDS, CARBON ENERGY, ECONOMIC IMPACTS, URBAN AREAS, ENERGY SOURCES, PARKING, FOREST SECTOR, CAR OWNERSHIP, EMISSION, MEASURES, COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE, FARM POPULATION, BARLEY, WASTE, TRAM, RENEWABLE GENERATION, APPROACH, FOREST LAND, BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION, ROAD, INITIATIVES, EXTERNALITIES, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS, PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY, CLIMATE POLICIES, CARS, POLICY MAKERS, SUPPLY SIDE, EMISSIONS, INCOME, FARM INCOME, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRY, FOREST FRAGMENTATION, SOYBEANS, POTATOES, TRANSPORT SECTOR, FOREST COVER, BIOMASS REGENERATION, GAS, ACTIVITIES, FOSSIL FUELS, HEAT PRODUCTION, CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, YIELD LOSS, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, ENERGY DEMAND MODEL, TOMATOES, POWER STATIONS, CONSERVATION, PARTICULATE, CARBONIZATION, SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, NET COST, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, CAPACITY, LEAD, COMBUSTION, FOREST FIRE, PETROLEUM, CAR USAGE, NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE, FUEL CONSUMPTION, CARBON EMISSIONS, REFINERIES, RAIL, CARBON PRICE, CONSUMPTION, FARMING PRACTICES, INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, MARKET, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, AUCTIONS, GREENHOUSE, COSTS, EMISSION GROWTH, CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, NITROUS OXIDE, RURAL POPULATION, TRANSPORT SECTOR EMISSIONS, CLIMATE CHANGE, MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST, TRANSPORTATION CHALLENGES, EMISSIONS GROWTH, WOOD, GREEN ENERGY, ARABLE LAND, BUS OPERATORS, ACCIDENTS, NOISE, METHANE, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, FORESTS, GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, TEMPERATURE, COST EFFECTIVENESS, DESERTIFICATION, ELECTRICITY SECTOR, CAR USERS, COAL PLANTS, POLICIES, TRANSPORT EMISSIONS, ENERGY RESOURCES, POLICY, FOREST, CO, ABATEMENT POLICIES, ENERGY SECURITY, SAFETY, FARMING, FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS, ALLOCATION OF ALLOWANCES, SOIL EROSION, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, EFFICIENCY, FUELS, WHEAT, GAS EXTRACTION, EMISSION SAVINGS, FUTURE, FREIGHT, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, FLOODS, AIR QUALITY, TRADING, RURAL, FOREST LANDS, SUGAR BEETS, EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION, TRANSPORT, CLIMATE, EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT, TREE SPECIES, REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS, GHG, MAIZE, ANNUAL HARVEST, FUEL COSTS, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, TAX, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, CROP DIVERSIFICATION, GASES, EMISSION INCREASES, FARM, AGRICULTURAL YIELD, TRANSPORTATION DEMAND, EMISSION PREDICTION, ALLOCATION, PROGRAMS, SPECIES, CONVERGENCE, POOR, M&E SYSTEMS, FOSSIL, OUTCOMES, BENEFICIARIES, INSTRUMENT, FOREST AUTHORITIES, PLANNING, FARM SIZE, WATER AVAILABILITY, INVESTMENT FUND, URBAN SPRAWL, URBAN TRAFFIC, SUBSTITUTION, JOBS, EMISSION INTENSITY, MARKET STABILITY, SCENARIOS, ENERGY SAVINGS, CAR, TRANSPORT MEASURES, CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGIES, FOREST ROADS, FORESTRY SECTOR, POWER SUPPLY, GREENHOUSE GAS, WINTER WHEAT, CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES, LOCAL AIR QUALITY, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, ACCESS TO FINANCING, POLLUTION, WIND GENERATION, REGENERATION, RURAL AREAS, ORGANIC FARMING, CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES, SPEED, FOREST GROWTH, FUEL TAXATION, POWER INDUSTRY, ENERGY DEMAND, RAIL SYSTEM, INSTRUMENTS, FOREST PARCELS, CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, RISKS, VEHICLE REGISTRATION, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, FUEL PRICE, FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES, GENERATION, VISIBILITY, ENERGY SERVICE, COST-BENEFIT, EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, DEMAND FOR WATER, AGRICULTURE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS, DECREASE IN EMISSIONS, TRANSIT, CARBON SINKS, ACCESSIBILITY, ELECTRICITY, CLIMATE VARIABILITY, IRRIGATION, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON ALLOWANCES, FOREST RESEARCH, EMISSIONS TARGETS, TREE, IPCC, SUBURBS, DRIVING, AIR CONDITIONING, GAS PLANTS, ENERGY PRICING, CAR OWNERSHIP RATES, RESERVE, TRAVEL, VEHICLES, LAND DEGRADATION, ENERGY USE, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, NATIONAL CLIMATE, AGRICULTURAL INCOMES, DISTRICT HEATING, SUBWAY, LAND USE CHANGE, EMISSIONS INTENSITY, CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES, ROAD CONGESTION, RENEWABLE SOURCES, ABATEMENT COST, URANIUM, TRANSPORT DEMAND, TRAFFIC, POLICY DESIGN, POWER GENERATION, ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, FUEL TAX INCREASE, NATURAL GAS, URBAN DRIVING, CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION, SUSTAINABLE USE, BENEFITS, FUEL COMBUSTION, PRIVATE FINANCE, URBAN TRANSPORT, FORESTRY, POLICY-MAKERS, AIR TRAVEL, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, GREEN POWER, AVAILABILITY, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, WIND, NATURAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, GAS EMISSIONS, TRANSPORT POLICY, RENEWABLE RESOURCES, AFFORESTATION, ITS
INDICATORS, HIGH ENERGY INTENSITY, FUEL EMISSION, CROP VARIETIES, CLEAN AIR, INVESTMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE, POLICY INSTRUMENT, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS, SOLID FUELS, UNCERTAINTIES, RESTRICTIONS, CONGESTION, TRIPS, WATER, GOVERNANCE LEVELS, RENEWABLE ENERGY, INVESTMENTS, POWER GENERATION CAPACITY, INCENTIVES, POLICY PROCESS, TOTAL EMISSIONS, GENERATION CAPACITY, CLIMATE DAMAGE, ABSOLUTE LEVEL OF EMISSIONS, ABATEMENT, FOREST STANDS, FARMERS, ENERGY MARKETS, CARBON ABATEMENT, CLEANER, RAIL SECTOR, HYDROPOWER, MODELS, SUBSIDIES, SUGAR, MARKETS, FOREST MANAGEMENT, DEMAND FOR ENERGY, AUCTION, PRICES, YIELDS, EVALUATION, TOTAL COSTS, METHANE EMISSIONS, FUEL TAX, PRIMARY ENERGY, LOW-CARBON, ENERGY POLICIES, RAINFED AREAS, EMISSION COEFFICIENTS, IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE, TRANSPORT EXTERNALITIES, EMISSIONS MITIGATION, ENVIRONMENTAL, SPRAWL, DISCOUNT RATE, TRADE, EQUILIBRIUM, LAND USES, FOSSIL FUEL, SUPPLY, POLICY TARGETS, BIODIVERSITY, ENERGY INTENSIVE, GROUNDWATER, DEMAND, FREE ALLOCATION, URBAN POPULATION, COSTS OF TRANSPORT, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, ECOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION, BIOMASS, CARBON, FERTILIZER APPLICATION, ENERGY INTENSITY, EMISSIONS FROM FUEL, PORTFOLIO, TRANSPORT SYSTEM, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS, ROADS, POLICY MAKING, IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE, ALLOWANCES, END-USE, AIR, NUCLEAR CAPACITY, IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY, PUBLIC VEHICLES, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM, PRECIPITATION, ROAD ACCIDENTS, EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT, REVENUE, DEGRADED LANDS, TREES, CO2, PRICE, LAND AREA, CLIMATE POLICY, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, WIND POWER RESOURCES, POWER, ENERGY SYSTEM, MODAL SHIFT, MARKET PLAYERS, PUBLIC FINANCE, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, FERTILIZER, ENERGY INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING, WOOD HARVESTING, CROPS, RAIL TRANSPORTATION, POLICY EVALUATION, FEEDBACK, URBAN CONGESTION, CONGESTION PRICING, PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT, EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICITY GENERATION, TRANSPORTATION, REVENUES, TRAFFIC CONGESTION, PRESENT VALUE, LAND USE PLANNING, FINANCIAL FLOWS, ACCOUNTABILITY, ROAD TRANSPORT, COMMERCIALIZATION, EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT, ALFALFA, ANNUAL COST, SUNFLOWER, ECONOMIC GROWTH, LEVEL OF EMISSIONS, BUDGET, TRAINING PROGRAMS, EMISSION ALLOWANCES, LOGGING, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, DRIVERS, AIRCRAFT, CYCLING, LAND USE, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, VEHICLE FLEET, VEHICLE, EMISSIONS REDUCTION, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, ORGANIC MATERIAL, DIESEL, OIL, CARBON PATH, OPTIONS, ALLOWANCE, LIGHTNING, NAVIGATION, SUPPLY COSTS, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, WALKING, MARGINAL COST, LOWER EMISSIONS, MARGINAL ABATEMENT, SOLID WASTE, ENERGY SUPPLY, POWER PLANTS, BENEFICIARY, EFFICIENT VEHICLES, ENGINE, ABATEMENT COSTS, LAND OWNERSHIP, FINANCE, FARMS, TIMBER, PETROLEUM REFINERIES, BUSES, TILLAGE, ENVIRONMENT, POLICY-MAKING, CLIMATE SCENARIOS, CROP, TRANSPORT POLICIES, FRAMEWORK, ATMOSPHERE, COMPOSTING, GAS PRICES, CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, HEATING SYSTEMS, IMPACT OF CLIMATE, STRUCTURES, ENERGY PRODUCTION, BEETS, DRIVING PATTERNS, WIND POWER, AGRICULTURE SECTOR, POWER SECTOR, FUEL, SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL, CAR TRIPS, ENERGY, COAL, PARTICULATE MATTER, DOMESTIC AVIATION, LESS, WOODY BIOMASS, COAL MINING, FOREST LAND OWNERSHIP, TREND, VALUE, EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS, NATURE CONSERVATION, NUCLEAR POWER, WATER FOR IRRIGATION, EMISSION REDUCTION, TAXES, CARBON ECONOMY, RURAL COMMUNITIES, CLIMATE RESILIENCE, GREENHOUSE GASES, LAND, ENERGY EMISSIONS, TRAINING, MARKET PRICE, HEATING ENERGY, PUBLIC POLICY, HEAT, IMPORTS, BUS, PUBLIC POLICIES, ABATEMENT POTENTIAL, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY, MANURE, ABATEMENT MEASURES, NATIONAL POLICIES, DEGRADATION, ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES, CLIMATE ACTION, CROP YIELDS, CARBON ENERGY, ECONOMIC IMPACTS, URBAN AREAS, ENERGY SOURCES, PARKING, FOREST SECTOR, CAR OWNERSHIP, EMISSION, MEASURES, COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE, FARM POPULATION, BARLEY, WASTE, TRAM, RENEWABLE GENERATION, APPROACH, FOREST LAND, BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION, ROAD, INITIATIVES, EXTERNALITIES, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS, PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY, CLIMATE POLICIES, CARS, POLICY MAKERS, SUPPLY SIDE, EMISSIONS, INCOME, FARM INCOME, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRY, FOREST FRAGMENTATION, SOYBEANS, POTATOES, TRANSPORT SECTOR, FOREST COVER, BIOMASS REGENERATION, GAS, ACTIVITIES, FOSSIL FUELS, HEAT PRODUCTION, CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, YIELD LOSS, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, ENERGY DEMAND MODEL, TOMATOES, POWER STATIONS, CONSERVATION, PARTICULATE, CARBONIZATION, SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, NET COST, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, CAPACITY, LEAD, COMBUSTION, FOREST FIRE, PETROLEUM, CAR USAGE, NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE, FUEL CONSUMPTION, CARBON EMISSIONS, REFINERIES, RAIL, CARBON PRICE, CONSUMPTION, FARMING PRACTICES, INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, MARKET, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, AUCTIONS, GREENHOUSE, COSTS, EMISSION GROWTH, CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, NITROUS OXIDE, RURAL POPULATION, TRANSPORT SECTOR EMISSIONS, CLIMATE CHANGE, MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST, TRANSPORTATION CHALLENGES, EMISSIONS GROWTH, WOOD, GREEN ENERGY, ARABLE LAND, BUS OPERATORS, ACCIDENTS, NOISE, METHANE, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, FORESTS, GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, TEMPERATURE, COST EFFECTIVENESS, DESERTIFICATION, ELECTRICITY SECTOR, CAR USERS, COAL PLANTS, POLICIES, TRANSPORT EMISSIONS, ENERGY RESOURCES, POLICY, FOREST, CO, ABATEMENT POLICIES, ENERGY SECURITY, SAFETY, FARMING, FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS, ALLOCATION OF ALLOWANCES, SOIL EROSION, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, EFFICIENCY, FUELS, WHEAT, GAS EXTRACTION, EMISSION SAVINGS, FUTURE, FREIGHT, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, FLOODS, AIR QUALITY, TRADING, RURAL, FOREST LANDS, SUGAR BEETS, EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION, TRANSPORT, CLIMATE, EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT, TREE SPECIES, REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS, GHG, MAIZE, ANNUAL HARVEST, FUEL COSTS, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, TAX, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, CROP DIVERSIFICATION, GASES, EMISSION INCREASES, FARM, AGRICULTURAL YIELD, TRANSPORTATION DEMAND, EMISSION PREDICTION, ALLOCATION, PROGRAMS, SPECIES, CONVERGENCE, POOR, M&E SYSTEMS, FOSSIL, OUTCOMES, BENEFICIARIES, INSTRUMENT, FOREST AUTHORITIES, PLANNING, FARM SIZE, WATER AVAILABILITY, INVESTMENT FUND, URBAN SPRAWL, URBAN TRAFFIC, SUBSTITUTION, JOBS, EMISSION INTENSITY, MARKET STABILITY, SCENARIOS, ENERGY SAVINGS, CAR, TRANSPORT MEASURES, CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGIES, FOREST ROADS, FORESTRY SECTOR, POWER SUPPLY, GREENHOUSE GAS, WINTER WHEAT, CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES, LOCAL AIR QUALITY, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, ACCESS TO FINANCING, POLLUTION, WIND GENERATION, REGENERATION, RURAL AREAS, ORGANIC FARMING, CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES, SPEED, FOREST GROWTH, FUEL TAXATION, POWER INDUSTRY, ENERGY DEMAND, RAIL SYSTEM, INSTRUMENTS, FOREST PARCELS, CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, RISKS, VEHICLE REGISTRATION, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, FUEL PRICE, FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES, GENERATION, VISIBILITY, ENERGY SERVICE, COST-BENEFIT, EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, DEMAND FOR WATER, AGRICULTURE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS, DECREASE IN EMISSIONS, TRANSIT, CARBON SINKS, ACCESSIBILITY, ELECTRICITY, CLIMATE VARIABILITY, IRRIGATION, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON ALLOWANCES, FOREST RESEARCH, EMISSIONS TARGETS, TREE, IPCC, SUBURBS, DRIVING, AIR CONDITIONING, GAS PLANTS, ENERGY PRICING, CAR OWNERSHIP RATES, RESERVE, TRAVEL, VEHICLES, LAND DEGRADATION, ENERGY USE, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, NATIONAL CLIMATE, AGRICULTURAL INCOMES, DISTRICT HEATING, SUBWAY, LAND USE CHANGE, EMISSIONS INTENSITY, CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES, ROAD CONGESTION, RENEWABLE SOURCES, ABATEMENT COST, URANIUM, TRANSPORT DEMAND, TRAFFIC, POLICY DESIGN, POWER GENERATION, ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, FUEL TAX INCREASE, NATURAL GAS, URBAN DRIVING, CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION, SUSTAINABLE USE, BENEFITS, FUEL COMBUSTION, PRIVATE FINANCE, URBAN TRANSPORT, FORESTRY, POLICY-MAKERS, AIR TRAVEL, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, GREEN POWER, AVAILABILITY, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, WIND, NATURAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, GAS EMISSIONS, TRANSPORT POLICY, RENEWABLE RESOURCES, AFFORESTATION, ITS
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