The project falls within the framework of hazardous related to icing, a natural phenomenon that affects many sectors of activity such as transportation (land, air and sea) but also energy (distribution and production). Icing is characterized by the accretion of ice on cold walls which alters the performance of the system and, as a result, can lead to major incidents (fall of high-voltage lines or wind turbine blades) or even dramatic incidents (aircraft crashes). The present project has identified the aviation sector as the main field of application. Indeed, there are of course Icing Protection Systems (IPS) but their deployment is limited to a few aircraft. There are many reasons for this, but they mainly concern energy consumption and/or excessive space requirements, as well as a lack of reliability. Consequently, the objective of the project is to develop a new thermal protection system against icing based on a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) as a plasma actuator. The actuator consists of establishing a plasma on the surface of a dielectric through two electrodes arranged on either side of the dielectric. The strategy of the project is based on the improvement of the electrothermal conversion of the actuator where part of the electrical energy heat the dielectric surface and also the surrounding gas. Two approaches are considered to improve the heat conversion: development of new materials composing the dielectric and development of new configurations of the actuator (method of realization and geometry of the electrodes). In addition, the use of more strength materials (ceramics) will also improve the sustainability of the new system in the face of an aggressive environment such as icing aeronautical conditions (air temperature at -40°C and velocity of impinging droplets of the order of 100 m/s). To carry out this project, a consortium of four partners has been established (the PPRIME institutes of the University of Poitiers and IJL of the University of Lorraine, the LEMTA laboratory of the University of Lorraine and the DGA Propulsion Test Center in Saclay). The project is divided into four tasks. The first three tasks constitute a first phase of the project, mainly fundamental, focused to the development of new configurations of plasma actuators but also to the improvement of the knowledge of the mechanisms governing the electrothermal conversion. The ability of these new configurations to de-ice a wall (i.e. to remove ice previously deposited) or to anti-ice (i.e. prevent ice deposition) will be evaluated without airflow but in a cold environment (-40°C) and with supercooled droplets (velocity of about 10 m/s and diameter of about 300 µm). The second phase, more applicative, consists in testing and validating one or several new systems designed in the first phase in an icing wind tunnel allowing reproducing aeronautical conditions (air temperature of -40°C, airflow velocity of about 100 m/s and droplet diameters around 20 and 300 µm). Finally, the project also aims to contribute to the European Eurodrone program by proposing a new thermal icing protection technology for the future European UAV.