The education and training sector plays a key role in meeting Europe’s sustainability challenges and promoting inclusive growth, with teachers at the forefront of preparing future generations of children and lifelong learners. However, the recent surge in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education has called this role into question. Therefore, the TAICo project sets out to develop, implement, and validate a model of Teacher-AI Complementarity that applies to the broader teaching profession across primary and secondary general education, higher education, and continuing education and training. Our model will enhance the understanding of the potential impacts of AI in aligning with human skills for teaching and learning. In 12 studies, we will apply and assess AI technologies in authentic educational settings in six countries (Austria, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, UK). Aligned with the new European Skills Agenda, these studies will focus on activities that aim to support a variety of lifelong learning skills including collaboration, problem-solving, and self-regulation. This will allow us to derive practical and evidence-based guidelines for all stakeholders involved (incl. teachers, educational institutions, educational technology industry, and policy makers) and significantly contribute to the productive and ethical integration of AI in education. The project will actively engage stakeholders in participatory design activities and policy dialogues to shape the future agenda for how AI is developed and deployed, how teachers and EdTech developers are prepared, and how European policies respond to the future challenges of an AI-enhanced education system. The TAICo consortium includes leading institutions on research into AI in education in Europe, covering all areas of the education system, and key stakeholder organisations in Europe covering the EdTech sector, the teaching profession, and educational policy making.