The proposed project seeks to assess the complex health impacts of some of the major climate adaptation actions in rural Southern Africa, using case studies of Zimbabwean communities located in the mid-Zambezi Valley area, in the north of the country, along the borders with Zambia and Mozambique. The specific focus will be on investigating nutritional and psychosocial health impacts of two of the main adaptation actions in the case study area. The project is expected to run for 30 months and will build on a previous longitudinal (2010-2016) academic research work on livelihoods and climate change adaptation in the area undertaken by the lead applicant. A blended methodology combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analytical techniques will be used. A Theory of Change, setting out the links between processes, activities, outcomes and context and the changes that occur in the short, medium and long term, will anchor the impact evaluation. The project ultimately aims to generate an evidence-based framework for tracking and assessing the health impacts of climate adaptation actions in marginal rural Southern African communities, and to proffer means and ways of harnessing the positive impacts and addressing the negative outcomes for rural household and community resilience Various studies have assessed different aspects of adapting to climate challenges in rural Africa yet there has not been full appreciation of evaluating the health impacts of the various adaptation actions. Assessing the health impacts of climate-related adaptation strategies is however critical as health outcomes of adaptation actions directly link with the physical, social and economic well-being of communities. Our project seeks to evaluate the nutritional and psychosocial health impacts of two of the main adaptation actions in rural Southern Africa using case studies of communities in the mid-Zambezi Valley area in Zimbabwe. We will use literature reviews, interviews and group discussions to carry out our impact evaluation. We ultimately aim to provide recommendations to communities and policy-makers on assessing and dealing with differential health impacts of key climate adaptation actions in rural communities in Southern Africa.