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Hal
Doctoral thesis . 2011
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Study of inorganic species behavior in a biomass gasification facility: aerosols condensation and deposition

Authors: Petit, Martin;

Study of inorganic species behavior in a biomass gasification facility: aerosols condensation and deposition

Abstract

L'objectif de ce travail est d'analyser théoriquement et expérimentalement la condensation des espèces inorganiques dans une installation de gazéification de la biomasse. Lors de la gazéification de la biomasse, des espèces inorganiques sont volatilisées et se condensent lors du refroidissement du gaz de synthèse. Ces espèces sont problématiques pour le procédé et doivent être éliminées avant la synthèse des biocarburants. Une étude thermodynamique a précisé la nature et la répartition des espèces inorganiques qui sont volatilisées lors de la gazéification ainsi que des espèces qui se condensent lors du refroidissement. Un modèle de condensation des aérosols issus de la gazéification de la biomasse a ensuite été construit à partir d'une description mathématique des différents phénomènes mis en jeu (nucléation, croissance, agglomération et dépôts) Parallèlement un dispositif expérimental a été mis au point, construit et qualifié. Ce dispositif permet d'analyser la condensation d'une vapeur de KCl dans un écoulement pouvant comporter des particules de carbone se refroidissant à une vitesse de 1000 K/s. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus ont mis en évidence une nucléation du KCl lors d'un refroidissement à 1000 K/s, la condensation de KCl sur les particules de carbone ainsi que le dépôt de KCl et des particules sur les parois. La condensation de KCl provoque une augmentation du diamètre aérodynamique des particules de carbone. La présence de particules dans l'écoulement permet de diminuer les dépôts de KCl aux parois de 25% à 40%. La comparaison de calculs simulant les expériences avec les données expérimentales a permis de quantifier les différents phénomènes et de valider le modèle. Enfin, des solutions ont été proposées pour limiter les dépôts de KCl aux parois des échangeurs dans une installation industrielle de gazéification de la biomasse

The aim of this work is to analyse theoretically and experimentally inorganic species conden- sation in a biomass gasification facility. During biomass gasification, some inorganic species are volatilised and then condense when the syngas cools down. These species can spoil the facility and thus have to be removed before the biodiesel synthesis. First, a thermodynamic study descri- bed the nature and distribution of inorganic species either volatilised during biomass gasification or condensed during cooling. Then an aerosol condensation model for biomass gasification has been developed using a mathematical description of the different phenomena involved (nuclea- tion, growth, agglomeration, deposition). Meanwhile, an experimental device (ANACONDA) has been built and qualified. This device was used to analyse KCl condensation on graphite particles as the gas cooled at 1000 K/s. Experimental results showed nucleation of new KCl particles du- ring the cooling, KCl condensation on graphite particles and deposition of KCl and particles on walls. KCl condensation causes an increase in graphite particle aerodynamic diameter. Graphite particles prevent wall deposit of KCl, which decreased from 40% to 25%. From the comparison of simulation and experimental results, the various phenomena could be quantified and the model validated. Finally, the model was used to propose solutions for limiting inorganic deposit on exchanger walls in a biomass-gasification industrial facility

Keywords

Aerosols, Inorganiques, Gazéification, Condensation, Modélisation, [SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Biomasse -- Gazéification, Biomasse, Biomass, ELPI, Inorganic species, Modelling, Gasification

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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