随着人类社会的快速发展和传统能源的急剧消耗，能源紧缺和环境污染已经成为制约人类社会可持续发展的重要因素，构建清洁的环境友好的可再生新能源体系是当前各国高度关注的焦点和重大战略.在众多绿色环保、可持续新能源选项中，半导体光催化制氢因其可利用清洁可再生的太阳能制取高效清洁氢能，有望完全解决能源紧缺和环境污染问题，成为最有应用前景的技术之一. 本文通过概述半导体光催化制氢原理、半导体光电化学及光电稳定性、半导体光催化制氢效率，重点介绍半导体光催化剂、光生电荷分离及光催化制氢体系等方面若干新进展，并对太阳能光催化制氢技术的发展加以评述和展望. ; With the rapid development of human society and dramatically consumption of traditional energy, energy shortage and environmental pollution have become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of human society. At present, the development of clean and environmentally friendly renewable energy system has drawn much attention and becomes an important priority stratagem in the world. In many green and sustainable new energy projects, semiconductor-based photocatalytic hydrogen production technology which utilizes the available clean and renewable solar energy to prepare clean hydrogen energy is excepted to solve the crisis of energy shortage and environmental pollution, has become one of the most promising applied technology for the world. This paper reviews briefly semiconductor-based photocatalytic hydrogen production technology by introducing principles of photocatalytic water splitting, photoelectrochemistry of semiconductors and semiconductor electrode stability and photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency. Some recent advances in semiconductor photocatalyst, photogenerated charge separation and photocatalytic hydrogen production system are highlighted. The existing problems and further development in this field are also proposed. The development of solar photocatalytic hydrogen production technology is commented and prospected. ; 国家自然科学基金项目（No. 21621091）和福建省自然科学基金（No.2017J01023）资助 ; 作者联系地址：固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室, 厦门大学化学化工学院化学系， 福建 厦门 361005 ; Author's Address: State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China ; 通讯作者E-mail：cjlin@xmu.edu.cn, sunlan@xmu.edu.cn