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Study of the transfer conditions in diabatic distillation columns: study of the flow distribution

Authors: Rizk, Joelle;

Study of the transfer conditions in diabatic distillation columns: study of the flow distribution

Abstract

Confidentielle jusqu'au 31 décembre 2013Co-encadrement de la thèse : Maroun Nemer; Distillation columns are one of the main methods used for separating the components of the air. Their inconvenient is the high energy consumption. In order to produce the oxygen needed for oxycombustion with low energy costs, a diabatic distillation column for cryogenic air separation is designed and modeled. It consists of a shell and tubes heat exchanger where the tubes constitute a first column operating at low pressure and the shell a second one operating at high pressure. Coupled mass and heat transfers are modeled and the diabatic column simulated. A comparative exergy analysis between three types of distillation columns for cryogenic air separation shows that the exergy efficiency of the diabatic column designed is 23 % higher than that of the conventional double columns. The distribution of the mixtures in the tubes and the shell is a key point in the distillation process in the shell and tubes heat exchanger. The different forms of uneven distribution are studied and solutions are proposed. A pilot is designed in order to validate experimentally the theoretical concept of diabatic distillation of cryogenic air.; Les colonnes de distillation de l'air constituent l'un des procédés principaux de séparation des composants de l'air mais posent le problème des consommations énergétiques élevées. Dans le but de produire les quantités d'oxygène nécessaire pour les procédés d'oxycombustion à faibles coûts énergétiques, une colonne de distillation diabatique pour la séparation de l'air cryogénique est conçue et modélisée. Elle consiste en un échangeur tubes-calandre où les tubes constituent une première colonne opérant à basse pression et la calandre en constitue une deuxième opérant à haute pression. Les transferts de masse et de chaleur couplés sont modélisés et le fonctionnement de la colonne est simulé. Une analyse exergétique comparative entre trois types de colonnes de distillation d'air cryogénique montre que l'efficacité exergétique de la colonne diabatique conçue est 23 % fois plus élevée que celle des colonnes doubles conventionnelles. La distribution des mélanges dans les tubes et dans la calandre est un point clé dans le procédé de distillation dans l'échangeur tubes-calandre. Les différentes formes de mal répartition sont étudiées et des solutions proposées. Une colonne pilote est dimensionnée pour valider expérimentalement le concept théorique de la distillation diabatique de l'air cryogénique.

Country
France
Keywords

flow distribution, consommation d'énergie, [SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences/Chemical and Process Engineering, film flow, distillation columns, oxycombustion, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, analyse exergétique, mal répartition, diabatic, energy consumption, distribution de flux, heat exchangers, diabatique, échangeurs, colonne de distillation, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, exergy analysis, uneven distribution, écoulement de films

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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Energy Research