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MODELADO Y DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE UNA HORNILLA DE BIOMASA

Authors: Ibarra Ballesteros, Julián; Rueda-Ordóñez, Yesid,; Gelvez Arocha, Omar;

MODELADO Y DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE UNA HORNILLA DE BIOMASA

Abstract

The objective of this work was the design, modelling and sizing of a furnace for combustion of sugar cane leaves, with the purpose of obtaining energy in the form of heat from this residual biomass. From the physical-chemical characteristics of the biomass, a combustion analysis was carried out from the 15.72 MJ / kg of energy produced in the chemical reaction. For this, the equilibrium composition of the mixture and its respectiveadiabatic flame temperature were calculated. Then, the one-dimensional modelling of heat transfer was carried out, in which the thermodynamic properties of the combustion gases, the emissivity and the coefficients of heat transfer by internal and external forced convection were calculated. From this, the average temperature of the combustion gases and the heat losses through the walls of the enclosure were determined. An adiabaticflame temperature close to 772 °C was found and is dependent on the nature of the fuel and the excess of air set to 50%. Also, a low average temperature requires higher volume fireplaces due to the increase in residence time. Therefore, burners with low fuel consumption require greater insulation, since heat losses can be greater than 30%, considered significant for this process. Finally, the sizing of a burner for the combustionof biomass that requires the transfer of heat to a 100 kW steam generator is presented. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue el diseño, modelado y dimensionamiento de un horno para combustión de hojas de caña de azúcar, con el propósito de obtener energía en forma de calor a partir de esta biomasa residual. Por lo tanto, a partir de las características físico-químicas de labiomasa, se realizó un análisis de la combustión a partir de los 15.72 MJ/kg de energía producidos en la reacción química. Para ello, se calculó la composición de equilibrio de la mezcla y su respectiva temperatura de llama adiabática. Entonces, se realizó el modelamiento unidimensionalde transferencia de calor, en el que se calcularon las propiedades termodinámicas de los gases de combustión, la emisividad y los coeficientes de transferencia de calor por convección forzada interna y natural externa. A partir de esto, se determinaron la temperatura promedio de los gasesde combustión y las pérdidas de calor a través de las paredes del recinto. Se encontró una temperatura de llama adiabática cercana a los 772°C y es dependiente de la naturaleza del combustible y el exceso de aire que se estipuló en 50%. También, una temperatura promedio baja requiere de hogares de mayor volumen debido al aumento del tiempo de residencia. Por consiguiente, quemadores de bajo consumo de combustible requieren un mayor aislamiento, pues las pérdidas de calor pueden ser mayores que 30%, consideradas significativas para este proceso. Finalmente, se presenta el dimensionamiento de una hornilla para la combustión de biomasa que requiere transferir calor a un generador de vapor de 100 kW.

Country
France
Keywords

[ SPI.MECA.GEME ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], furnace, biomass, Biomasa, Combustión, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Caldera, Cinética, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, kinetics, boiler, Horno, [ CHIM.GENI ] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Related to Research communities
Energy Research