Entrepreneurship education is aimed at shaping relevant entrepreneurial competencies needed not only to fulfil the role of the entrepreneur but also to change behaviour in order to build a culture of innovation, seeking knowledge and business opportunities to ensure sustainable economic growth and social wellbeing. Entrepreneurial competencies can be understood as knowledge, skills and attitudes having an impact on the readiness and ability to create new value as part of business or social activity. Therefore the development of entrepreneurial competencies is gaining growing interest. This article aims to determine the academic potential of entrepreneurship education in shaping competencies supporting sustainable development as well as to verify entrepreneurial competencies exemplified by students of a selected Polish university. In line with this, a quantitative study was carried out, based on a questionnaire-based survey involving students with entrepreneurship education background. This analysis allows assessing current trends in the development of entrepreneurial skills supporting sustainability at the higher education level.