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Análisis de controlabilidad de una columna de destilación reactiva para la producción de biodisel

Authors: Jorge Luis Cornejo Jacob;

Análisis de controlabilidad de una columna de destilación reactiva para la producción de biodisel

Abstract

Se analizaron en este trabajo seis secuencias de destilación reactiva y unidad de separación (la secuencia convencional, la secuencia térmicamente acoplada y la secuencia térmicamente acoplada con uso mínimo de rehervidores, cada secuencia contó con su forma directa e indirecta) para producción de biodiesel mediante la esterificación de ácido láurico con metanol. Se evaluaron la robustez de las secuencias frente a perturbaciones, el arreglo de ganancias relativas (RGA) y la descomposición en valores singulares (DVS) con el fin de seguir el comportamiento dinámico de las seis secuencias cuando se les aplican diferentes perturbaciones en el flujo de entrada de los dos reactivos; de esta manera se encontraron regiones donde la operación es estable y controlable. Para la DVS se aplicaron perturbaciones en estado dinámico a las variables manipulables (relaciones de reflujo y cargas térmicas); las respuestas se ajustaron a modelos afines, con esto se obtuvieron los valores de valor singular mínimo y número de condición de cada secuencia. Para el análisis de RGA se perturbaron los valores iniciales de los productos y con las respuestas se arma la matriz de ganancias de la cual se obtienen su inversa y la transpuesta de la última y por último se aplica el producto Schur y se obtiene el análisis de RGA. Para realizar el análisis de controlabilidad se usaron tres controladores del tipo Proporcional-Integral (PI) previamente sintonizados, se aplicaron 3 diferentes perturbaciones en los flujos de entrada de las secuencias y se graficaron los resultados de productos y comportamiento de variables. Los resultados de controlabilidad se corroboran con los resultados del análisis DVS donde se observa que las secuencias que exhiben mejor control y robustez son la secuencia convencional indirecta y la secuencia térmicamente acoplada indirecta con uso mínimo de rehervidores.

Six sequences of reactive distillation followed by a separation unit (conventional, thermally coupled and thermally coupled with minimum use of reboilers, each one in direct and indirect form) for the biodiesel production by esterification of lauric acid with methanol were analysed in this work. Also robustness against disturbances, relative gain array (RGA) and singular value decomposition (SVD) were evaluated in order to follow dynamic behaviour of the six sequences after perturbation in the feed flow rates of the two reactants; in this way regions for stable and controllable operation of the sequences were found. SVD was performed by disturbing the manipulate variables in dynamic state (reflux ratios and thermal duties); each response was adjusted to similar models in order to obtain the minimal singular value and the condition number for each sequence. In the case of the RGA, disturbance of the initial values of the products yield the gains matrix, which is inverted and transpose to, finally, practice the Schur product. To perform the controllability analysis, three Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers tuned previously were used; different disturbances were applied to the inlet flow rates and dynamic responses were followed. Controllability results confirmed the information yield by the SVD, it was observed that the sequences that exhibit the best robustness and controllability properties were the indirect conventional sequence and the indirect thermally coupled with minimum use of reboilers sequence.

Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Maestría en Ciencias en Ingeniería Química

Keywords

Destilación reactiva, Biodiesel, FIQ-M-2013-0916, Producción, info:eu-repo/classification/cti/7

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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