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Indicators of environmental sustainability: methods and applications

Authors: Kemerich, Pedro Daniel da Cunha; Ritter, Luciana Gregory; Borba, Willian Fernando de;

Indicators of environmental sustainability: methods and applications

Abstract

Um instrumento utilizado para monitorar o desenvolvimento sustentável são os indicadores de sustentabilidade, os quais são responsáveis por capturar tendências para informar os agentes de decisão, orientar o desenvolvimento e o monitoramento de políticas e estratégias. Com base no exposto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma síntese dos principais indicadores de sustentabilidade e suas aplicações. O modelo Pressão-Estado-Resposta evidencia os elos entre a atividade humana e o ambiente, porém reduz as pressões sobre o ambiente àquelas ocasionadas pelo homem. O modelo Força Motriz-Estado-Resposta estabelece um vínculo lógico entre os seus componentes, entretanto baseia-se na situação dos países industrializados. O modelo Força Motriz-Pressão-Estado-Impacto-Resposta reforça a interação entre as causas dos problemas ambientais, os impactos e as respostas da sociedade, porém ainda não existem experiências em medir a sustentabilidade em municípios, ou empreendimentos, já o Marco para a Avaliação de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturais incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidade possui ênfase nas avaliações qualitativas e quantitativas, no entanto sua base está assentada na comparação entre sistemas, sem definir isoladamente o que é sustentável ou insustentável, enquanto que a Pegada Ecológica mostra quanto da capacidade regenerativa da biosfera está sendo usada em atividades humanas, considerando apenas os efeitos econômicos referentes à utilização de recursos. Pode-se concluir que os indicadores de sustentabilidade, podem colaborar para a construção do desenvolvimento sob o enfoque integrador, considerando as dimensões sociais, ambientais e econômicas, para a consolidação de uma sociedade sustentável.

An instrument used to monitor sustainable development are sustainability indicators, which are responsible for capturing trends to inform decision-makers, guide the development and monitoring of policies and strategies. Based on the above, this paper aims to provide a summary of the key sustainability indicators and their applications. The model Pressure-State-Response highlights the links between human activity and the environment, but reduces those pressures on the environment caused by man. The model Driving Force-State-Response establishes a logical link between its components, however based on the situation in industrialized countries. The model Driving Force-Pressure-StateImpact-Response strengthens the interaction between the causes of environmental problems, impacts and responses of society, but there are still no experiences in measuring sustainability in cities, or developments since the Framework for systems Evaluation of Natural Resource Management incorporating Sustainability Indicators has an emphasis on qualitative and quantitative evaluations, however its base sits on a comparison between systems, without defining what is sustainable in isolation or unsustainable, while the Ecological Footprint shows how much capacity regenerative biosphere is being used in human activities, considering only the economic effects related to the use of resources. It can be concluded that indicators of sustainability, can collaborate to build the development under the integrative approach, considering the social, environmental and economic, to the consolidation of a sustainable society

Keywords

Model Pressure-State-Response, Environmental indicators, Sustainability, Pegada Ecológica, Modelo Pressão-Estado-Resposta, Sustentabilidade, Ecological Footprint

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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