Nuclear energy moves to the forefront of the public debate. In 2020, drifts towards new reactor construction at the Dukovany nuclear power station and shortlisting candidate sites for siting the deep geological repository of nuclear waste foreshadowed this development. Political stances towards the nuclear divide in Central Europe: V4 countries take nuclear as instrumental to the low-emission energy transition, Germany and Austria, on the other hand, foresee the future without nuclear energy. Czech debate reflects interests on both sides. A new alternative has entered the debate in the recent decade: to use so-called small nuclear reactors as a means of energy production. The article presents the results of a representative public opinion survey that focused on attitudes toward the possible introduction of small modular reactors technology in the Czech Republic.