The paper highlights certain open methodological issues relevant to the analysis of the comparative politics and climate change law. The second part of the paper focuses on the basic elements of the law and politics of the climate change in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and Serbia. For the basis of the analysis several criteria have been taken: membership in the international treaties, status in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and reporting, the existence and development of the climate change legislation (the constitutional provision, content and availability of regulations, climate change in the framework environmental law), the existence of the specific regulations governing the rational use of the energy and renewable energy sources, as well as the level of compliance of the national legislation with EU regulations. Having identified some differences in the state of national regulative on climate change (primarily between Croatia and other countries) the paper expounds the thesis that the key factor that determines the status of national policies and regulations (of the states under this analysis) is the process of the European integration. In conclusion of the analysis it is estimated that the progress in this process is directly correlated with the level of the development of national legislation and implementation of international obligations.