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Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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https://doi.org/10.22541/au.17...
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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Nonuniformity of Irradiation Distribution on Vehicles' Bodies

Authors: Sovetkin, Evgenii; Gordon, Michael; Patel, Neel; Gerber, Andreas; Reinders, Angèle; Peibst, Robby; Pieters, Bart E.;

Nonuniformity of Irradiation Distribution on Vehicles' Bodies

Abstract

ABSTRACTNonuniformity of irradiation in photovoltaic (PV) modules causes a current mismatch in the cells, which leads to energy losses. In the context of vehicle‐integrated PV (VIPV), the nonuniformity is typically studied for the self‐shading effect caused by the curvature of modules. This study uncovers the impact of topography on the distribution of sunlight on vehicle surfaces, focusing on two distinct scenarios: the flat‐surface cargo area of a small delivery truck and the entire body of a commercial passenger vehicle. We employ a commuter pattern driving profile in Germany and a broader analysis incorporating random sampling of various road types and locations across 17,000 km2 in Europe and 59,000 km2 in the United States using LIDAR‐derived topography and OpenStreetMap data. Our findings quantify irradiation inhomogeneity patterns shaped by the geographic landscape, road configurations, urban planning, and vegetation. The research identifies topography as the primary factor affecting irradiation distribution uniformity, with the vehicle's surface orientation and curvature serving as secondary influencers. The most significant variation occurs on vertical surfaces of the vehicle in residential areas, with the lower parts receiving up to 35% less irradiation than the top part of the car. These insights may be used to improve the design and efficiency of vehicle‐integrated photovoltaic systems, optimizing energy capture in diverse environmental conditions.

Countries
Germany, Germany, Netherlands
Keywords

690, vehicle integrated photovoltaic, info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/690, irradiation inhomogeneity, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, GIS, SDG 7 – Betaalbare en schone energie

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
Green
hybrid