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Environmental implications of regional financial development on air pollution: evidence from European countries

الآثار البيئية للتنمية المالية الإقليمية على تلوث الهواء: أدلة من البلدان الأوروبية
Authors: Mohsen Khezri; Mohammad Sharif Karimi; Yousaf Ali Khan; Mehdi Khodaei;

Environmental implications of regional financial development on air pollution: evidence from European countries

Abstract

Este estudio se centró en los efectos espaciales de los determinantes de CO2, utilizando datos de 43 países europeos entre 1996 y 2018. Las pruebas demostraron la existencia del modelo espacial de Durbin. Los hallazgos indican que el logaritmo del PIB per cápita, la urbanización y el uso de energía tienen efectos potenciadores sobre las emisiones de CO2, pero que estos efectos no tienen sentido para la apertura comercial. La mayoría de los coeficientes proporcionaron resultados insignificantes, mientras que seis indicadores de desarrollo financiero se introdujeron en el modelo en línea recta. La adición del término "interacción entre la intensidad energética y el desarrollo financiero" mejoró significativamente los efectos de todos los componentes. El coeficiente negativo y significativo de la frase predice una mayor eficiencia de la intensidad energética como resultado del desarrollo de múltiples componentes de producción financiera. El análisis de los efectos espaciales revela que las variables de control en los países adyacentes tienen efectos insignificantes sobre las emisiones de CO2. En general, los hallazgos muestran que las emisiones de CO2 están disminuyendo a medida que aumenta la productividad y el desarrollo financiero de los países vecinos. Los hallazgos indican que el desarrollo financiero en los países vecinos tiene efectos comparables sobre las emisiones de CO2 como el desarrollo financiero interno. Como resultado de estos hallazgos, los países europeos han llegado a un punto de integración financiera.

Cette étude s'est concentrée sur les effets spatiaux des déterminants du CO2, en utilisant les données de 43 pays européens entre 1996 et 2018. Les tests ont prouvé l'existence du modèle spatial Durbin. Les résultats indiquent que le logarithme du PIB par habitant, de l'urbanisation et de la consommation d'énergie ont des effets positifs sur les émissions de CO2, mais que ces effets n'ont aucun sens pour l'ouverture commerciale. La plupart des coefficients ont donné des résultats insignifiants, tandis que six indicateurs de développement financier ont été entrés dans le modèle en ligne droite. L'ajout du terme « interaction entre l'intensité énergétique et le développement financier » a considérablement amélioré les effets de toutes les composantes. Le coefficient négatif et significatif de la phrase prédit une augmentation de l'efficacité de l'intensité énergétique en raison du développement de multiples composantes de la production financière. L'analyse des effets spatiaux révèle que les variables de contrôle dans les pays adjacents ont des effets négligeables sur les émissions de CO2. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats montrent que les émissions de CO2 diminuent à mesure que la productivité et le développement financier des pays voisins augmentent. Les résultats indiquent que le développement financier dans les pays voisins a des effets comparables sur les émissions de CO2 que le développement financier national. À la suite de ces résultats, les pays européens ont atteint un point d'intégration financière.

This study focused on the spatial effects of CO2 determinants, using data from 43 European countries between 1996 and 2018. Tests proved the existence of the spatial Durbin model. The findings indicate that the logarithm of GDP per capita, urbanization, and energy use have enhancing effects on CO2 emissions, but that these effects are meaningless for trade openness. Most of the coefficients provided insignificant results, while six financial development indicators were entered into the model in a straight line. The addition of the term "interaction between energy intensity and financial development" improved the effects of all of the components significantly. The phrase's negative and significant coefficient predicts increased energy intensity efficiency as a result of the development of multiple financial production components. The analysis of spatial effects reveals that control variables in adjacent countries have negligible effects on CO2 emissions. Overall, the findings show that CO2 emissions are falling as neighboring countries' productivity and financial development rise. The findings indicate that financial development in neighboring countries has comparable effects on CO2 emissions as domestic financial development. As a result of these findings, European countries have reached a point of financial integration.

ركزت هذه الدراسة على الآثار المكانية لمحددات ثاني أكسيد الكربون، باستخدام بيانات من 43 دولة أوروبية بين عامي 1996 و 2018. أثبتت الاختبارات وجود نموذج دوربين المكاني. تشير النتائج إلى أن لوغاريتم نصيب الفرد من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي والتحضر واستخدام الطاقة له تأثيرات معززة على انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون، لكن هذه التأثيرات لا معنى لها بالنسبة للانفتاح التجاري. قدمت معظم المعاملات نتائج ضئيلة، في حين تم إدخال ستة مؤشرات للتنمية المالية في النموذج في خط مستقيم. أدت إضافة مصطلح "التفاعل بين كثافة الطاقة والتنمية المالية" إلى تحسين تأثيرات جميع المكونات بشكل كبير. يتنبأ المعامل السلبي والهام للعبارة بزيادة كفاءة كثافة الطاقة نتيجة لتطوير مكونات الإنتاج المالي المتعددة. يكشف تحليل التأثيرات المكانية أن متغيرات التحكم في البلدان المجاورة لها تأثيرات ضئيلة على انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون. بشكل عام، تظهر النتائج أن انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون آخذة في الانخفاض مع ارتفاع إنتاجية البلدان المجاورة وتنميتها المالية. تشير النتائج إلى أن التنمية المالية في البلدان المجاورة لها آثار مماثلة على انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون مثل التنمية المالية المحلية. ونتيجة لهذه النتائج، وصلت الدول الأوروبية إلى نقطة التكامل المالي.

Keywords

Environmental Impacts, Financial development, Economics, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Social Sciences, Economic Impact of Environmental Policies and Resources, Health Effects of Air Pollution, Social psychology, Energy intensity, Engineering, Natural resource economics, Sociology, Psychology, Efficient energy use, Rebound Effect on Energy Efficiency and Consumption, Energy, Per capita, FOS: Sociology, FOS: Psychology, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Physical Sciences, Economics and Econometrics, Population, International economics, CO2 emissions, FOS: Economics and business, Econometrics, Economic growth, Panel data, Demography, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Openness to experience, Urbanization, Spatial Durbin model, European countries, Electrical engineering, Environmental Science

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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