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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Energyarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Applied Energy
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
Data sources: Crossref
Applied Energy
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ap...
Article
License: Elsevier TDM
Data sources: Sygma
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New tool for improved control of sub-process interactions in rotating ring die pelletizing of torrefied biomass

Authors: Rudolfsson, Magnus; Larsson, Sylvia H.; Lestander, Torbjörn A.;

New tool for improved control of sub-process interactions in rotating ring die pelletizing of torrefied biomass

Abstract

Abstract A new concept was developed for feed layer formation control and to obtain continuous pellet production when pelletizing torrefied biomass. The materials pelletized were softwood forest residues and a hardwood species which both had been torrefied at 308 °C for 9 min. The torrefied wood chips were milled over a screen size of 6 mm and the torrefied feedstock moisture content was adjusted to about 9% before pelletizing. Two types of pelletizers were used; one with a stationary ring die and one with a rotating ring die. With a traditional, non-cooled die configuration, the die temperature increased to 75–78 °C. During temperature increment, pellet production deteriorated and finally ceased at approximately 80 °C. This phenomenon was caused by a breakdown of the feed-layer formation between the free rolling rollers and the die. However, continuous production could be sustained when the die was cooled. A new tool was developed based on nozzle injection of water directly onto the feed layer. By this course of action pellet production was sustained at temperatures well above 80 °C. This proof-of-concept for a new tool to control sub-process interactions in ring die pelletizing also includes use of low initial moisture content to utilize the flowability of torrefied particulates and, thus, avoid problems connected to feeding, conveying and silo discharging which frequently occurs at higher feedstock moisture contents.

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    13
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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Found an issue? Give us feedback
citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
13
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%