Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Energyarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
Applied Energy
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
versions View all 2 versions
addClaim

This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

You have already added 0 works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.

An up-to-date perspective of levelized cost of hydrogen for PV-based grid-connected power-to-hydrogen plants across all Italy

Authors: Ademollo A.; Calabrese M.; Carcasci C.;

An up-to-date perspective of levelized cost of hydrogen for PV-based grid-connected power-to-hydrogen plants across all Italy

Abstract

Green hydrogen holds potential for decarbonizing the energy sector, but high production costs are a major barrier. This study provides a comprehensive techno-economic-financial-environmental analysis of PV-based grid-connected hydrogen production plants, targeting hard-to-abate industries having constant hydrogen demand across all Italy. Using real hourly data, the Multi Energy System Simulator (MESS), an in-house developed rule-based tool, was employed and integrated with Genetic Algorithm for optimal plant sizing. The aim is to minimize the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) while complying with regulatory frameworks for green hydrogen incentives access. Key findings show that hydrogen storage is more advantageous than battery storage for supply-side flexibility, and the optimal PV-to-electrolyzer size ratio ranges from 1.8 in Southern Italy to 2.1 in Northern Italy, with hydrogen tank designed for daily storage. Considering photovoltaic, electrolyzer and battery aging models grid dependence increases by 60 % when comparing the first and worst year of operation and leads to a 7 % increase in LCOH. Transitioning from the strictest (hourly) to the least stringent (annual) temporal correlation increases certified green hydrogen by 22 %, while LCOH decreases by only 3 %, suggesting that the environmental benefits of stringent temporal requirements outweigh their moderate economic drawbacks. These findings underscore the need for additional national-level incentives to allow the deployment of this technology and achieving cost parity with grey hydrogen.

Country
Italy
Related Organizations
Keywords

Components aging; Energy storage; Free cash flow to the firm (FCFF); Green hydrogen incentives; LCOH; Multi energy system simulator (MESS)

Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
Related to Research communities
Energy Research