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Standardization of Solid Recovered Fuels through Gravity Separation and Chemical Based Imaging Techniques

Authors: BONIFAZI, Giuseppe; SERRANTI, Silvia; POTENZA, FABIO; LUCIANI, VALENTINA; Di Maio, Francesco;

Standardization of Solid Recovered Fuels through Gravity Separation and Chemical Based Imaging Techniques

Abstract

The European politics is addressed, in their last years, more and more towards the abolition of landfills and oriented to verify the possibility to improve their recovery through actions of recycling, composting and energy production. Currently the European Directive 2008/98/EC, through the principle of End of Waste (EoW), is driving the utilization of new methods of waste processing in order to transform them it into a new "renewable" product. The post-consumer plastics resulting from packaging account for about 60% of total plastics waste (i.e. 23 million tons) produced in Europe. The high quality Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) is a partial solution to the problem of waste and landfill management, becoming integral and essential in the closure of the waste cycle, representing one of virtuous processes for the treatment and recovery of waste. The application of recycling strategies, finalised to polymers recovery, can thus represent an important opportunity to reduce: i) not renewable raw materials utilization (i.e. oil), ii) carbon dioxide emissions and iii) the amount of plastic waste disposed-off. Aim of this work is to study the possibility offered by the integrated utilization of Chemical Imaging (CI) based techniques in order to obtain a good quality SRF characterized by a low content of PVC derived packaging to be used for the production of thermal energy. Packaging "final waste", in fact, is usually characterized by the presence of PolyVinyl Chloride (PVC). Therefore the association of a specific gravity separation architecture with the CI based sensing units, could strongly improve the quality of "final waste" fraction as resulting from classical recycling processes based on milling, classification and density separation. The presence of PVC, in fact, has a negative influence on the combustion and heat recovery of these products due to the production of dioxins and furans. The utilization of the proposed combined approach (i.e. gravity and CI based) could contribute to obtain a SRF characterized by a very low PVC content, thus allowing to certify SRF according to UNI EN 15359:2011 and to correctly utilise it for thermal energy production.

Countries
Netherlands, Italy
Keywords

Post consumer plastics, Sorting, plastics waste, hyperspectral imaging; plastics waste; post consumer plastics; PVC; solid recovered fuels; sorting, hyperpsctral imaging., PVC, solid recovered fuels, Energy(all), Solid recovered fuels, Plastics waste, post consumer plastics, Hyperpsctral imaging, sorting

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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