Abstract This paper proposes a new methodological framework to assess in a holistic approach the sustainability of energy scenarios. It combines endogenous modelling outcomes, from the hybrid technological-economic modelling platform HYBTEP, with external indicators to evaluate the environmental, economic and social performance of distinct power sector scenarios. Results for Portugal show that a shift to mature and cost-effective renewable power technologies conducts to positive impacts at environmental, economic (GDP) and social spheres (employment), while costly emergent technologies are counterproductive. This tool and its outcomes can provide valuable insights for the design of technology-oriented policies that allow fostering sustainability targets.