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Energy Reports
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC ND
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Energy Reports
Article . 2022
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Application of energy performance contracts for rural remote areas electrification

Authors: Dmitriy N. Karamov; Ilya M. Minarchenko; Pavel V. Ilyushin; Konstantin V. Suslov; Sergey P. Filippov;

Application of energy performance contracts for rural remote areas electrification

Abstract

The article is devoted to the application of energy performance contracts for the electrification of rural remote areas. The research presents a universal methodology for determining the main parameters of an energy performance contract. This methodology includes four main parts. The first part has a description of the climatic parameters on the territory under consideration and their use in mathematical modeling of isolated photovoltaic system operating modes. The second part has the mathematical models of an isolated photovoltaic system with battery energy storage system and diesel power plant. The third part consist of relevant questions and features of battery energy storage system operation in isolated energy systems. The fourth part is a hierarchical model of an energy performance contract. The model has the main indicators required for the client and contractor. These parameters are contract duration, contractor fee, modified levelized cost of energy and optimal composition of isolated energy system equipment. An isolated energy system located on the territory of Siberia was considered. The optimization results have the following key indicators: photovoltaic system (80 kW) with battery energy storage system (240 kW⋅h) reduces diesel fuel consumption by 68%. The energy performance agreement duration is 5 years and the modified levelized cost of energy is 15.53 RUB/kW⋅h.

Keywords

Hierarchical bilevel model, Energy performance contract, Renewable energy sources, Isolated energy system, TK1-9971, Rural remote areas, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Battery energy storage system

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
gold