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Energy Policy
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
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The carbon footprint of the empty Castilla-La Mancha

Authors: Carmen Córcoles; Luis Antonio López; Pilar Osorio; Jorge Zafrilla;

The carbon footprint of the empty Castilla-La Mancha

Abstract

En este artículo analizamos la huella de carbono de los hogares de Castilla-La Mancha, región de la llamada “España vacía”, y su potencial de mitigación. Para ello, utilizamos el modelo input-output multirregional ampliado ambientalmente y la Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares Españoles para extraer microdatos de gasto por tamaño de municipio. Encontramos que los hogares en municipios más pequeños tienen una huella de carbono total mayor debido a sus mayores emisiones directas. Aunque su consumo es menor que el de otros municipios, tienen un patrón más intensivo de consumo de carbono incorporado. Los hogares de los municipios más pequeños gastan una mayor proporción en transporte privado y actividades relacionadas con la vivienda, emitiendo casi una tonelada adicional de emisiones directas de carbono.En cuanto a su potencial de mitigación, los resultados muestran que por cada euro que los municipios de menos de 10.000 habitantes reduzcan su consumo reducirían sus emisiones en 0,796 kgCO2. Sin embargo, mientras aumenta el tamaño del municipio, el potencial de mitigación disminuye (0,378 kgCO2 para más de 100.000 habitantes). Este máximo potencial de mitigación sólo se logrará si las políticas de mitigación favorecen especialmente a sus habitantes y si se desarrollan infraestructuras y servicios sociales que faciliten un cambio en sus patrones de consumo.

In this paper, we analyze the carbon footprint of Castilla-La Mancha households, a region of the so-called “empty Spain,” and their mitigation potential. For this purpose, we use the environmentally extended multiregional input-output model and the Spanish Households Budget Survey to extract expenditure microdata by municipality size. We find that households in smaller municipalities have a larger total carbon footprint due to their higher direct emissions. Although their consumption is lower than other municipalities, they have a more intensive pattern of embedded carbon consumption. Households in smaller municipalities spend a higher share in private transport and housing-related activities, emitting almost an additional ton of direct carbon emissions.Regarding their mitigation potential, results show that for every euro that municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants reduce their consumption, they would reduce emissions by 0.796 kgCO2. However, while the size of the municipality increases, the mitigation potential decreases (0.378 kgCO2 for more than 100,000 inhabitants). This highest mitigation potential will only be achieved if mitigation policies especially favor their inhabitants and if infrastructures and social services are developed to facilitate a change in their consumption patterns.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Households carbon footprint, Demand-side mitigation, Municipality size, Multiregional input-output model, Sustainable consumption

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