Abstract A comprehensive review of cylindrical two-phase closed thermosyphon for low-temperature applications is presented in this paper. The review of literature based on the experimental studies of two-phase closed thermosyphon is categorized according to the utilization of refrigerants, nanofluids, external parameters, surface coating and modifications in the design of two-phase closed thermosyphon to provide a useful reference to the researchers in the field of cylindrical two-phase closed thermosyphon. The effect of geometrical parameters, power input, working fluid, inclination angle and fill ratio on the performance of thermosyphon has been studied thoroughly. The outcome of this review paper would help the research community to enhance the thermal efficiency of cylindrical two-phase closed thermosyphon. It would emphasize the need for utilization of environment-friendly refrigerants in two-phase closed thermosyphon, powered by a solar photovoltaic system, as these two would not affect the environment.