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Revisiting salt hydrate selection for domestic heat storage applications

Revisiting salt hydrate selection for domestic heat storage applications
In this work, we evaluate 454 salt hydrates and 1073 unique hydration reactions in search of suitable materials for domestic heat storage. The salts and reactions are evaluated based on their scarcity, toxicity, (chemical) stability and energy density (>1 GJ/m3) and alignment with 3 use case scenarios. These scenarios are based on space heating (T > 30 °C) and hot water (T > 55 °C) to be provided by discharge as well as on heat sources available in the built environment (T < 160 °C) for charging. From all evaluated materials, only 8 salts and 9 reactions (K2CO3 0–1.5, LiCl 0–1, NaI 0–2, NaCH3COO 0–3, (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 0–6, SrBr2 1–6, CaC2O4 0–1, SrCl2 0–1 and 0–2) fulfil all of the criteria. Provided a suitable stabilisation method is found additional 4 salts and 13 reactions (CaBr2 6-0, CaCl2 6-0, 6-1, 6-2, 4-0, 4-1, 4-2, LiBr 2-0, 2-1, 2-0, LiCl 2-0, 2-1, ZnBr2 2-0) From this selection, only 2 salts/reactions (NaI and (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2) have not been extensively studied in the literature. Moreover, many well-investigated salt hydrates, such as MgSO4 and LiOH, did not pass our screening. This work underlines the scarcity of materials suitable for domestic applications and the need to broaden the scope of future evaluations.
- Delft University of Technology Netherlands
- Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands
- Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands
- Technical University Eindhoven TU Eindhoven Research Portal Netherlands
- Technical University Eindhoven Netherlands
Material selection, Solid State Chemistry, Database, Thermochemical heat storage, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, SDG 7 – Betaalbare en schone energie, Salt hydrates
Material selection, Solid State Chemistry, Database, Thermochemical heat storage, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, SDG 7 – Betaalbare en schone energie, Salt hydrates
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