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Biogas potential of biowaste: A case study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

إمكانات الغاز الحيوي للنفايات الحيوية: دراسة حالة في ولاية ريو دي جانيرو، البرازيل
Authors: Helena Rodrigues Oliveira; Betina Kozlowsky‐Suzuki; Annika Björn; Sepehr Shakeri Yekta; Cristiane Fonseca Caetano; Érika Flávia Machado Pinheiro; Humberto Marotta; +23 Authors

Biogas potential of biowaste: A case study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

La digestion anaérobie a été largement appliquée pour le traitement des déchets, la production d'énergie renouvelable et la production de biofertilisants. Le potentiel de biogaz au Brésil est considérable, mais l'État de Rio de Janeiro dépend largement des combustibles fossiles, et il y a un manque d'évaluations du potentiel de biogaz dans l'État. Ainsi, cette étude a évalué les potentiels de biométhane, d'électricité et de biofertilisants dans la région. Trois scénarios différents d'approvisionnement en biomasse ont été envisagés pour quatre principaux flux de biodéchets : boues d'épuration ; fumier de bétail ; déchets de transformation de la canne à sucre ; et déchets alimentaires. La production de biométhane à partir des sources évaluées pourrait atteindre 0,6-1,3 milliards de Nm3 an−1, ce qui correspond à 1 768-3 961 GWh an−1 d'électricité et 1,6-3,3 millions de Mg an−1 de biofertilisant. Le fumier de bétail était responsable de 73 à 84 % de la production projetée de biométhane, ce qui offrait l'occasion de réduire les émissions importantes provenant de l'élevage. La production estimée de biofertilisants pourrait répondre aux demandes de l'État, et l'électricité produite pourrait compenser jusqu'à 10 % de la demande. Le réseau de gaz pourrait faciliter la distribution de biométhane amélioré, et 10–22 % de la demande de gaz naturel pourrait être satisfaite. Les résultats de ce travail mettent en évidence le potentiel élevé de production de biogaz à Rio de Janeiro, qui est jusqu'à sept fois plus important que la production actuelle.

La digestión anaeróbica se ha aplicado ampliamente para el tratamiento de residuos, la generación de energía renovable y la producción de biofertilizantes. El potencial de biogás en Brasil es considerable, pero el estado de Río de Janeiro depende en gran medida de los combustibles fósiles, y hay una falta de evaluaciones de potencial de biogás en el estado. Por lo tanto, este estudio evaluó los potenciales de biometano, electricidad y biofertilizantes en la región. Se consideraron tres escenarios diferentes de suministro de biomasa para cuatro corrientes principales de residuos biológicos: lodos de depuradora, estiércol de ganado, residuos de procesamiento de caña de azúcar y residuos de alimentos. La generación de biometano a partir de las fuentes evaluadas podría alcanzar 0.6–1.3 mil millones de Nm3 año−1, correspondiente a 1,768-3,961 GWh año−1 de electricidad y 1.6–3.3 millones de Mg año−1 de biofertilizante. El estiércol bovino fue responsable del 73–84 % de la producción proyectada de biometano, presentando una oportunidad para reducir las emisiones significativas de la ganadería. La producción estimada de biofertilizantes podría satisfacer las demandas del estado, y la electricidad producida podría compensar hasta el 10 % de la demanda. La red de gas podría facilitar la distribución de biometano mejorado, y se podría satisfacer el 10–22 % de la demanda de gas natural. Los hallazgos de este trabajo destacan el alto potencial de generación de biogás en Río de Janeiro, que es hasta siete veces mayor que la producción actual.

Anaerobic digestion has been widely applied for waste treatment, renewable energy generation and biofertilizer production. The biogas potential in Brazil is sizable, but the state of Rio de Janeiro is largely dependent on fossil fuels, and there is a lack of biogas potential assessments in the state. Thus, this study evaluated biomethane, electricity and biofertilizer potentials in the region. Three different scenarios of biomass supply were considered for four major biowaste streams: sewage sludge; cattle manure; sugarcane processing waste; and food waste. Biomethane generation from the assessed sources could reach 0.6–1.3 billion Nm3 year−1, corresponding to 1,768–3,961 GWh year−1 of electricity and 1.6–3.3 million Mg year−1 of biofertilizer. Cattle manure was responsible for 73–84 % of the projected biomethane production, presenting an opportunity to reduce the significant emissions from livestock farming. The estimated biofertilizer production could meet the demands of the state, and the produced electricity could offset up to 10 % of the demand. The gas grid could facilitate the distribution of upgraded biomethane, and 10–22 % of the natural gas demand could be met. The findings of this work highlight the high potential for biogas generation in Rio de Janeiro, which is up to seven times larger than the current production.

تم تطبيق الهضم اللاهوائي على نطاق واسع لمعالجة النفايات وتوليد الطاقة المتجددة وإنتاج الأسمدة الحيوية. إمكانات الغاز الحيوي في البرازيل كبيرة، لكن ولاية ريو دي جانيرو تعتمد إلى حد كبير على الوقود الأحفوري، وهناك نقص في تقييمات إمكانات الغاز الحيوي في الولاية. وبالتالي، قيمت هذه الدراسة إمكانات الميثان الحيوي والكهرباء والأسمدة الحيوية في المنطقة. تم النظر في ثلاثة سيناريوهات مختلفة لإمدادات الكتلة الحيوية لأربعة تيارات رئيسية للنفايات الحيوية: حمأة مياه الصرف الصحي ؛ روث الماشية ؛ نفايات معالجة قصب السكر ؛ ونفايات الطعام. يمكن أن يصل توليد الميثان الحيوي من المصادر المقدرة إلى 0.6–1.3 مليار نيوتن متر مكعب في السنة-1، أي ما يعادل 1،768-3،961 جيجاوات ساعة في السنة-1 من الكهرباء و 1.6–3.3 مليون ملغ في السنة-1 من الأسمدة الحيوية. كان روث الماشية مسؤولاً عن 73–84 ٪ من إنتاج الميثان الحيوي المتوقع، مما يوفر فرصة للحد من الانبعاثات الكبيرة من تربية الماشية. يمكن أن يلبي إنتاج الأسمدة الحيوية المقدر متطلبات الدولة، ويمكن للكهرباء المنتجة أن تعوض ما يصل إلى 10 ٪ من الطلب. يمكن أن تسهل شبكة الغاز توزيع الميثان الحيوي الذي تمت ترقيته، ويمكن تلبية 10–22 ٪ من الطلب على الغاز الطبيعي. تسلط نتائج هذا العمل الضوء على الإمكانات العالية لتوليد الغاز الحيوي في ريو دي جانيرو، والتي تصل إلى سبعة أضعاف الإنتاج الحالي.

Country
Sweden
Keywords

Biomass (ecology), Renewable energy, Biomedical Engineering, Biogas, Environmental engineering, Combustion, Organic chemistry, FOS: Medical engineering, Quantum mechanics, Biorefinery Concept, Environmental science, Fuel gas, Engineering, Biofuel, Anaerobic digestion, Bioenergy, Waste management, Biology, Water Science and Technology, Electricity generation, Ecology, Physics, Renewable natural gas, FOS: Environmental engineering, Bioenergi, Fossil fuel, Building and Construction, Power (physics), Agronomy, Manure, Integrated Management of Water, Energy, and Food Resources, Chemistry, Global Bioenergy Potential, FOS: Biological sciences, Electrical engineering, Anaerobic digestion; Organic residues; Biogas potential estimation; Agricultural residues; Bioelectricity, Physical Sciences, Environmental Science, Biofertilizer, Biogas Production, Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production, Technologies for Biofuel Production from Biomass, Methane

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
9
Average
Average
Top 10%
Green
hybrid
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Energy Research