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Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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An overview of feed-in tariffs, premiums and tenders to promote electricity from biogas in the EU-28

Authors: Antonio Sánchez-Braza; María del P. Pablo-Romero; María del P. Pablo-Romero; Natalia Sánchez-Labrador; Jesús Salvador-Ponce;

An overview of feed-in tariffs, premiums and tenders to promote electricity from biogas in the EU-28

Abstract

The EU has assumed objectives for energy sustainability and the fight against climate change. In this regard, the generation of biogas allows contributions to the 2020 established targets. The EU is leader in the production of biogas, representing 60% of total global production in 2011. The estimates of the contribution of biogas to electricity generation for 2020 in the EU-28 represent 1.5% within the total energy mix. This paper analyzes the measures implemented in the EU-28 to promote biogas, relating them to the country targets established in their National Renewable Energy Action Plans. Currently, 19 countries apply some measure of price and/or amount: 14 use Feed-in Tariffs, 6 Premium Tariffs and 1 uses tenders. A trend has been observed to reduce public financial support to promote biogas, linked to the reduction of the cost of this technology, and to the attempt to increasingly link it to the markets. However, excessive linking to the market hinders its development, putting the attainment of 2020 targets at risk. Consequently, the Feed-in Tariff or Premium Tariff systems, used in each country, must be designed in agreement with the peculiarities of the development of their markets, to be able to guarantee suitable development. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España ECO2014-56399-R Fundación Roger Torné. Cátedra de Economía de la Energía y del Medio Ambiente. Universidad de Sevilla Premio Mensual Publicación Científica Destacada de la US. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales

Country
Spain
Keywords

Tenders, Biogas promotion, Renewable energies, Feed-in tariffs, Premium tariffs, National Renewable Energy Action Plans

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    67
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
    influence
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    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
67
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 1%
Green
hybrid