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Virtual energy storage capacity estimation using ANN‐based kWh modelling of refrigerators

Authors: K Vijayakumar; Kandasamy Nandha Kumar; Chaudhari Kalpesh;

Virtual energy storage capacity estimation using ANN‐based kWh modelling of refrigerators

Abstract

Prolific integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) such as solar photovoltaic systems into the distribution network will result in various issues associated with their intermittent nature. Energy storage is a vital component for overcoming issues associated with the intermittent nature of such RES. Though stationary battery systems are used as energy storage for such applications, smart energy storage (SES) systems are also becoming popular owing to various advantages and advent of smart grid systems. SES can be achieved by aggregating electric vehicles (EVs) or by using demand response management for loads with large time constants. Aggregated residential refrigerators are potential candidates for creating SES which has virtual storage capacity, unlike EVs. In this study, residential refrigerators are modelled analogously to energy capacity and self‐discharge of electro‐chemical batteries using the artificial neural network based kWh modelling. The model is further extended to estimate the virtual energy storage (VES) capacity with aggregated residential refrigerators; particularly in high‐rise residential buildings. Simulation results are presented for scenarios covering the complete range of thermal capacity of typical refrigerators applicable in Singapore's climatic condition. Furthermore, a brief description of the possible applications for the estimated VES, pertaining to smart grid architecture and cyber‐attack is also presented.

Keywords

building management systems, aggregated residential refrigerators, distributed power generation, virtual energy storage capacity estimation, electro-chemical batteries, high-rise residential buildings, kWh modelling, thermal capacity, renewable energy sources, EVs, smart grid architecture, cyber-attack, distribution network, electric vehicles, intermittent nature, demand side management, photovoltaic power systems, energy storage, overcoming issues, smart energy storage systems, prolific integration, power grids, solar photovoltaic systems, TK1-9971, smart power grids, neural nets, energy capacity, distribution networks, self-discharge, stationary battery systems, typical refrigerators, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, SES, ANN, virtual storage capacity, artificial neural network, smart grid systems

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    25
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
25
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
gold