Because of the high cost, the development of prefabricated buildings in China is slow. As a significant part of the total cost of prefabricated buildings, the cost of prefabricated components has a great impact on the total cost. In this paper, the influencing factors of component production cost are analyzed in detail from five aspects of labor cost, material cost, machinery cost, external environment condition and internal production management arrangement, and the index system of influencing factors of production cost is constructed. Using the analytic hierarchy process model, the influencing factors are determined as: material cost > labor cost > machinery cost > internal production and management arrangement > external environment condition, and then it is put forward Corresponding cost control measures for component production.