A new one-dimensional experimental system for natural gas hydrate (NGH) exploitation is designed, which is used to study the formation and dissociation processes of NGH. NGH is formed in the sand-packing tube, and then hot-brine is injected into the tube to study the thermal dissociation characteristics. The injection parameters that influence gas production rate and energy efficiency are analyzed. The results show that the higher the injection temperature and injection rate are, the higher the gas production rate is. In addition, the most sensitive parameter, which influences the energy efficiency of thermal stimulation is the hot-brine temperature, followed by the hot-brine injection rate and injection time. This study provides an experimental basis for further study on NGH exploitation in the future.