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Finite-temperature stability and dimensional crossover of exotic superfluidity in lattices

We investigate exotic paired states of spin-imbalanced Fermi gases in anisotropic lattices, tuning the dimension between one and three. We calculate the finite temperature phase diagram of the system using real-space dynamical mean-field theory in combination with the quantum Monte Carlo method. We find that regardless of the intermediate dimensions examined, the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state survives to reach about one third of the BCS critical temperature of the spin-density balanced case. We show how the gapless nature of the state found is reflected in the local spectral function. While the FFLO state is found at a wide range of polarizations at low temperatures across the dimensional crossover, with increasing temperature we find out strongly dimensionality-dependent melting characteristics of shell structures related to harmonic confinement. Moreover, we show that intermediate dimension can help to stabilize an extremely uniform finite temperature FFLO state despite the presence of harmonic confinement.
5 pages, 3 figures
- University of California System United States
- University of Zurich Switzerland
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Korea (Republic of)
- University of California, Santa Barbara United States
- Aalto University Finland
ta214, Hubbard model, ta114, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, ta221, FOS: Physical sciences, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, DMFT, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Ultracold gases, ta218, FFLO
ta214, Hubbard model, ta114, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, ta221, FOS: Physical sciences, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, DMFT, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Ultracold gases, ta218, FFLO
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