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IEEE Access
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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IEEE Access
Article . 2024
Data sources: DOAJ
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Hierarchical Energy Management of Hybrid Battery Storage Systems for PV Capacity Firming and Spot Market Trading Considering Degradation Costs

Authors: Margrit Wicke; Thilo Bocklisch;

Hierarchical Energy Management of Hybrid Battery Storage Systems for PV Capacity Firming and Spot Market Trading Considering Degradation Costs

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are currently one of the key technologies for a sustainable energy transition. However, they have a limited calendar and cycle lifetime, which are directly affected by operating conditions. Therefore, our goal is to maximize the benefits of a battery storage over its entire lifespan. Stacking multiple services (multi-use) can increase the utilization of battery storage, whereas coupling different storage technologies with complementary characteristics (hybrid energy storage systems) adds a degree of freedom for efficient and degradation-aware operation. To exploit these technological and economic advantages, we develop an energy management concept and demonstrate it in the application example of a grid-connected photovoltaic plant with hybrid battery storage. The multi-use application consists of capacity firming, participation in the electricity spot market, and peak shaving. To address the different temporal scales of the battery storage tasks, we propose a hierarchical energy management with two levels. The model predictive upper level energy management optimizes the grid power considering the time-varying electricity prices and marginal costs of battery storage operation. This multi-objective optimization problem is solved using a mixed-integer linear program with two-dimensional piecewise linearization of conversion losses and battery degradation costs. The strategy-based lower level energy management allocates power in real time to meet the grid power and ramp-rate requirements despite model and forecast errors. Extensive simulations demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach owing to a better compliance with grid power requirements, lower conversion losses, and significantly higher benefits of the battery storage system over its lifetime.

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Keywords

energy arbitrage, lithium-ion battery aging, hierarchical control, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Capacity firming, degradation costs, hybrid energy storage system (HESS), TK1-9971

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Average
Top 10%
Top 10%
gold