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IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
License: IEEE Copyright
Data sources: Crossref
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Zn(O, S) Buffer Layers and Thickness Variations of CdS Buffer for Cu $_{2}$ZnSnS$_{4}$ Solar Cells

Authors: Ericson, Tove; Scragg, Jonathan J.; Hultqvist, Adam; Wätjen, Jörn Timo; Szaniawski, Piotr; Törndahl, Tobias; Platzer-Björkman, Charlotte;

Zn(O, S) Buffer Layers and Thickness Variations of CdS Buffer for Cu $_{2}$ZnSnS$_{4}$ Solar Cells

Abstract

To improve the conduction band alignment and explore the influence of the buffer-absorber interface, we here investigate an alternative buffer for Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells. The Zn(O, S) system was chosen since the optimum conduction band alignment with CZTS is predicted to be achievable, by varying oxygen to sulfur ratio. Several sulfur to oxygen ratios were evaluated to find an appropriate conduction band offset. There is a clear trend in open-circuit voltage (Voc), with the highest values for the most sulfur rich buffer, before going to the blocking ZnS, whereas the fill factor peaks at a lower S content. The best alternative buffer cell in this series had an efficiency of 4.6% and the best CdS reference gave 7.3%. Extrapolating Voc values to 0 K gave activation energies well below the expected bandgap of 1.5 eV for CZTS, which indicate that recombination at the interface is dominating. However, it is clear that the values are affected by the change of buffer composition and that increasing sulfur content of the Zn(O, S) increases the activation energy for recombination. A series with varying CdS buffer thickness showed the expected behavior for short wavelengths in quantum efficiency measurements but the final variation in efficiency was small.

Country
Sweden
Keywords

Cu2ZnSnS4, Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering, kesterite photovoltaic cells, CZTS, Current-voltage characteristics, S) buffer, Zn(O, Annan elektroteknik och elektronik

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    85
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
85
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 1%
Green
bronze
Related to Research communities
Energy Research