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Improved outdoor measurements for Very High Efficiency Solar Cell sub-modules

Authors: Keith W. Goossen; Paola Murcia; Christiana B. Honsberg; Keith Emery; Myles A. Steiner; Allen Barnett; Xiaoting Wang; +2 Authors

Improved outdoor measurements for Very High Efficiency Solar Cell sub-modules

Abstract

Very High Efficiency Solar Cell (VHESC) program is developing integrated optical/photovoltaic modules for portable applications that operate at 50 percent efficiency. Test sub-modules incorporating four p-n junctions and corresponding optics have been realized and are predicted to realize efficiency greater than 40%. Phased implementation requires corresponding measurement to inspect accomplished work and provide improvement direction for the next step. The comparison between the real performance of the four-junction test sub-module and the theoretical prediction of its efficiency is a significant indication of the realizability of the final VHESC module including six junctions which is designed to achieve 50% efficiency. For the sub-module measurement, a test bed was set up for outdoor test. Previous outdoor measurements of the VHESC test sub-modules resulted in a preliminary sub-module efficiency of 36.2% [1]. As solar cells with better performance were fabricated, the measurement methodology was refined and corresponding improvements were made to the initial test bed. Three test sub-modules containing new solar cells were measured with the new test setup for three different concentration levels at University of Delaware (UD). One test sub-module demonstrated efficiency as high as 39.5%, coupled with 44.3% efficient solar cells and 89.1% efficient optics, at 30.48X concentration. The measurements were taken when the direct light intensity was over 860W/m2 and the I sc was not calibrated to 1000W/m2. Another two test sub-modules including solar cells in the same batch as the ones tested at UD were taken to National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The Isc data of the two test sub-modules were recorded outdoors at NREL when the direct light intensity was over 970 W/m2. In addition, the I sc was calibrated to the standard spectrum condition using ASTM G173 direct data. Comparison of the results shows the difference between the test sub-module efficiency measured at UD and NREL is less than 4%.

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    18
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    influence
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
18
Average
Top 10%
Top 10%