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Hybrid Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery and Lithium Titanate Battery Systems for Electric Buses

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 01 Feb 2018Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)Journal:IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, volume 67, pages 956-965 (issn: 0018-9545, eissn: 1939-9359,

Authors: Xiaobin Zhang; Huei Peng; Hewu Wang; Minggao Ouyang;

doi: 10.1109/tvt.2017.2749882

Hybrid Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery and Lithium Titanate Battery Systems for Electric Buses

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Abstract

Electric buses face problems of short driving range, slow charging, and high cost. To improve the performance of electric buses, a novel hybrid battery system (HBS) configuration consisting of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries and Li-ion batteries with a Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) material anode is proposed. The configuration and control of the HBS are first studied, and a LFP battery degradation model is built. Simulation result indicates that the HBS can help us to mitigate LFP battery degradation. Then, the HBS is optimally sized for electric buses to achieve minimum cost. The daily bus operation and charging patterns as well as LFP battery degradation are considered. The optimal HBS has 10.7% and 19.3% lower total cost than the single LTO-battery and LFP-battery configurations, and has higher range flexibility than the single LTO-battery configuration.

Related Organizations

University of Michigan–Flint
United States
Tsinghua University
China (People's Republic of)

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	citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	53
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	influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	Top 10%
	impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.	Top 10%